Huber Laura, Hallenberg Gunilla Ström, Lunha Kamonwan, Leangapichart Thongpan, Jiwakanon Jatesada, Hickman Rachel A, Magnusson Ulf, Sunde Marianne, Järhult Josef D, Van Boeckel Thomas P
Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States.
Health Geography and Policy Group, Institute of Environmental Decisions, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Front Vet Sci. 2021 Apr 28;8:659051. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.659051. eCollection 2021.
In Thailand, pig production has increased considerably in the last decades to meet a growing demand for pork. Antimicrobials are used routinely in intensive pig production to treat infections and increase productivity. However, the use of antimicrobials also contributes to the rise of antimicrobial resistance with potential consequences for animal and human health. Here, we quantify the association between antimicrobial use and resistance rates in extensive and intensive farms with a focus on geographic proximity between farm and drugstores. Of the 164 enrolled farms, 79% reported using antimicrobials for disease prevention, treatment, or as a feed additive. Antimicrobial-resistant were present in 63% of farms. These drugs included critically important antimicrobials, such as quinolones and penicillins. Medium-scale farms with intensive animal production practices showed higher resistance rates than small-scale farms with extensive practices. Farms with drug-resistant were located closer to drugstores and a had a higher proportion of disease than farms without drug-resistant . We found no association between the presence of resistance in humans and antimicrobial use in pigs. Our findings call for actions to improve herd health to reduce the need for antimicrobials and systematic training of veterinarians and drugstore owners on judicious use of antimicrobials in animals to mitigate resistance.
在泰国，过去几十年间生猪产量大幅增长，以满足对猪肉不断增长的需求。在集约化生猪生产中，抗生素被常规用于治疗感染和提高生产率。然而，抗生素的使用也导致了抗生素耐药性的上升，对动物和人类健康都可能产生影响。在此，我们量化了粗放型和集约型农场中抗生素使用与耐药率之间的关联，重点关注农场与药店之间的地理距离。在164个登记的农场中，79%报告使用抗生素进行疾病预防、治疗或作为饲料添加剂。63%的农场存在抗生素耐药性。这些药物包括喹诺酮类和青霉素类等极其重要的抗生素。采用集约化养殖方式的中型农场比采用粗放式养殖方式的小型农场显示出更高的耐药率。存在耐药性的农场距离药店更近，且患病比例高于不存在耐药性的农场。我们发现人类中的耐药性与猪使用抗生素之间没有关联。我们的研究结果呼吁采取行动改善畜群健康状况，以减少对抗生素的需求，并对兽医和药店店主进行关于在动物中明智使用抗生素以减轻耐药性的系统培训。
