Zare Sajad, Mohammadi Dameneh Moslem, Esmaeili Reza, Kazemi Reza, Naseri Sahar, Panahi Davoud
Department of Occupational Health Engineering and Safety at Work, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Heliyon. 2021 May;7(5):e07035. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07035. Epub 2021 May 11.
The health care workers (HCWs) at the frontline of fighting COVID-19 are at higher risk for mental health problems, including stress, anxiety, depression, and insomnia. This study aimed at assess the status of occupational stress in the three occupational groups of nurses, physicians and hospital cleaning crew facing COVID-19 patients in hospitals of Kerman province in Iran.
This cross-sectional descriptive analytical study was performed on 290 medical staffs including nurses, physicians and cleaning crew facing COVID-19 patients working in different hospitals in Iran in 2020. Demographic information form and occupational Stress Questionnaire (HSE tool indicator) were used to collect data. The health and safety executive (HSE) questionnaire has 35 questions and 7 areas, which was developed in the 1990s by the UK Health and Safety Institute to measure occupational stress.
The mean score of total dimensions among HCWs was 2.93. Communications, Manager support, Changes and Demand factors with scores of 2.76, 2.77, 2.83 and 2.87 had the greatest impact on participants' stress levels, respectively. Also, Colleague support factor with a score of 3.38 had the least effect on stress levels. Also, according to the results, 87% of nurses, 79% of cleaning crew and 67% of physicians had a partial to high levels of stress that, on average, 77.5% of the HCWs participating in this study had at least a small amount of stress.
The mean stress score among the participants of the present study was between high stress level and moderate stress level. Factors such as communications, manager support, change and demand had the greatest impact on employee stress levels. Therefore, by improving the communication between people working in hospitals, increasing managers' support for staff, and reducing workplace demands such as reducing workload and improving workplace environment, the stress level of staff in hospitals during the outbreak of COVID-19 can be reduced.
抗击新冠疫情一线的医护人员面临心理健康问题的风险更高，包括压力、焦虑、抑郁和失眠。本研究旨在评估伊朗克尔曼省医院中面对新冠患者的护士、医生和医院保洁人员这三个职业群体的职业压力状况。
本横断面描述性分析研究于2020年对伊朗不同医院中面对新冠患者的290名医护人员（包括护士、医生和保洁人员）进行。使用人口统计学信息表和职业压力问卷（健康与安全执行局工具指标）收集数据。健康与安全执行局问卷有35个问题和7个方面，由英国健康与安全研究所于20世纪90年代开发，用于测量职业压力。
医护人员总维度的平均得分是2.93。沟通、管理者支持、变化和需求因素得分分别为2.76、2.77、2.83和2.87，对参与者的压力水平影响最大。此外，同事支持因素得分3.38，对压力水平影响最小。另外，根据结果，87%的护士、79%的保洁人员和67%的医生有部分到高水平的压力，参与本研究的医护人员平均有77.5%至少有少量压力。
本研究参与者的平均压力得分处于高压力水平和中等压力水平之间。沟通、管理者支持、变化和需求等因素对员工压力水平影响最大。因此，通过改善医院工作人员之间的沟通、增加管理者对员工的支持以及减少工作场所需求，如减轻工作量和改善工作环境，可降低新冠疫情爆发期间医院工作人员的压力水平。
