Clinical Pharmacology Program, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, United States.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States.
Chem Res Toxicol. 2021 Jun 21;34(6):1630-1639. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00064. Epub 2021 May 17.
In studies of tobacco toxicology, including comparisons of different tobacco products and exposure to secondhand or thirdhand smoke, exposure assessment using biomarkers is often useful. Some studies have indicated that most of the toxicity of tobacco smoke is due to gas-phase compounds. 3-Ethenylpyridine (3-EP) is a major nicotine pyrolysis product occurring in the gas phase of tobacco smoke. It has been used extensively as an environmental tracer for tobacco smoke. 3-EP would be expected to be a useful tobacco smoke biomarker as well, but nothing has been published about its metabolism and excretion in humans. In this Article we describe a solid-phase microextraction (SPME) GC-MS/MS method for determination of 3-EP in human urine and its application to the determination of 3-EP in the urine of smokers and people exposed to secondhand smoke. We conclude that 3-EP is a promising biomarker that could be useful in studies of tobacco smoke exposure and toxicology. We also point out the paucity of data on 3-EP toxicity and suggest that additional studies are needed.
在烟草毒理学研究中，包括比较不同的烟草制品和接触二手烟或三手烟，使用生物标志物进行暴露评估通常是有用的。一些研究表明，烟草烟雾的大部分毒性是由于气相化合物引起的。3-乙烯基吡啶（3-EP）是烟草烟雾气相中主要的尼古丁热解产物。它已被广泛用作烟草烟雾的环境示踪剂。3-EP 也有望成为一种有用的烟草烟雾生物标志物，但尚未有关于其在人体中的代谢和排泄的报道。本文描述了一种固相微萃取（SPME）GC-MS/MS 方法，用于测定人尿液中的 3-EP，并将其应用于测定吸烟者和接触二手烟者尿液中的 3-EP。我们得出结论，3-EP 是一种很有前途的生物标志物，可用于烟草烟雾暴露和毒理学研究。我们还指出，关于 3-EP 毒性的数据很少，建议进行更多的研究。
