Autism Spectrum Disorders Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
Students Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
BMC Womens Health. 2021 May 18;21(1):208. doi: 10.1186/s12905-021-01361-x.
The present work aimed at determining the prevalence of menopausal symptoms and factors associated with the Quality of life among postmenopausal women.
This cross-sectional work was carried out on 270 postmenopausal females referring to health centers of Hamadan city chosen by stratified random sampling. A questionnaire of the Menopausal Quality of Life Questionnaire (MENQOL) was used as the data collection method. Although, the Mann-Whitney test and the Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare MENQOL item scores. The significance level of statistical tests was regarded as less than 0.05.
The mean MENQOL Score in menopausal was 2.45 ± 1.04. Also, vasomotor symptoms had the highest score, and sexual symptoms had the lowest score rather than other dimensions. There was a significant association between the total menopausal quality of life score and job, economy status, smoking, exercise, supplemental Omega-3 s intake, and Postmenopausal stage (p < 0.01). As smokers, women had increasing levels of bother experienced from the MENQOL symptom than non-smokers (mean = 3.67 ± 0.85 vs. 2.36 ± 0.99; p < 0.001). While the MENQOL scores for menopausal females who exercised more often (mean = 1.56 ± 0.7) had lower than those who exercised less than 3 times per week (mean = 3.27 ± 0.9; p < 0.001). However the lowest score was menopausal females who had taking supplemental Omega-3 s than those who hadn't taken it (mean = 2.15 ± 1.06 vs. 2.65 ± 0.97; p < 0.001). Though women who had postmenopausal stage less than 5 years stage (mean = 2.28 ± 0.87) had significantly lower MENQOL scores from those who had postmenopausal stage 5 or more years (mean = 2.63 ± 1.16; p < 0.001).
Based on the results, vasomotor symptoms were the most dominant symptom. Therefore, it is necessary to improve physical activity levels, focusing on job status, recommend taking an omega 3 s supplement, and planning education and promotion intervention for cessation or prevention of smoking among postmenopausal women to increase the MENQOL is essential.
本研究旨在确定绝经后妇女的更年期症状发生率及其与生活质量相关的因素。
本横断面研究纳入了 270 名来自伊朗哈马丹市健康中心的绝经后女性，采用分层随机抽样方法选择研究对象。采用更年期生活质量问卷（MENQOL）作为数据收集方法。采用 Mann-Whitney 检验和 Kruskal-Wallis 检验比较 MENQOL 项目评分。统计检验的显著性水平设为 0.05。
绝经后女性的 MENQOL 总评分平均为 2.45±1.04。血管舒缩症状的评分最高，而性症状的评分最低，其他维度的评分也较低。绝经后女性的总生活质量评分与职业、经济状况、吸烟、运动、补充欧米伽 3 摄入和绝经阶段显著相关（p<0.01）。与不吸烟者相比，吸烟者的 MENQOL 症状困扰程度更高（平均=3.67±0.85 比 2.36±0.99；p<0.001）。经常运动（每周运动 3 次以上）的绝经后女性的 MENQOL 评分低于每周运动少于 3 次的女性（平均=1.56±0.7 比 3.27±0.9；p<0.001）。然而，服用欧米伽 3 补充剂的绝经后女性的评分最低，而未服用欧米伽 3 补充剂的女性评分最高（平均=2.15±1.06 比 2.65±0.97；p<0.001）。与绝经 5 年以上的女性相比，绝经 5 年以下的女性的 MENQOL 评分明显较低（平均=2.28±0.87 比 2.63±1.16；p<0.001）。
根据研究结果，血管舒缩症状是最主要的症状。因此，有必要提高绝经后女性的身体活动水平，重点关注工作状况，建议补充欧米伽 3 补充剂，并为绝经后女性制定戒烟或预防吸烟的教育和促进干预计划，以提高 MENQOL。
