Zhu Hui, Zheng Kai, Boccaccini Aldo R
Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
Acta Biomater. 2021 Jul 15;129:1-17. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.05.007. Epub 2021 May 16.
Mesoporous silica-based materials, especially mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs), are being highly considered for biomedical applications, including drug delivery and tissue engineering, not only because of their bioactivity and biocompatibility but also due to their tunable composition and potential use as drug delivery carriers owing to their controllable nanoporous structure. Numerous researches have reported that MBGs can be doped with various therapeutic ions (strontium, copper, magnesium, zinc, lithium, silver, etc.) and loaded with specific biomolecules (e.g., therapeutic drugs, antibiotics, growth factors) achieving controllable loading and release kinetics. Therefore, co-delivery of ions and biomolecules using a single MBG carrier is highly interesting as this approach provides synergistic effects toward improved therapeutic outcomes in comparison to the strategy of sole drug or ion delivery. In this review, we discuss the state-of-the-art in the field of mesoporous silica-based materials used for co-delivery of ions and therapeutic drugs with osteogenesis/cementogenesis, angiogenesis, antibacterial and anticancer properties. The analysis of the literature reveals that specially designed mesoporous nanocarriers can release multiple ions and drugs at therapeutically safe and relevant levels, achieving the desired biological effects (in vivo, in vitro) for specific biomedical applications. It is expected that this review on the ion/drug co-delivery concept using MBG carriers will shed light on the advantages of such co-delivery systems for clinical use. Areas for future research directions are identified and discussed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Many studies in literature focus on the potential of single drug or ion delivery by mesoporous silica-based materials, exploiting the bioactivity, biocompatibility, tunable composition and controllable nanoporosity of these materials. Recenlty, studies have adopted the "dual-delivery" concept, by designing multi-functional mesoporous silica-based systems which are capable to deliver both biologically active ions and biomolecules (growth factors, drugs) simultaneously in order to achieve synergy of their complementary therapeutic activities. This review summarizes the state of the art in the field, with focus on osteogenesis/cementogenesis, angiogenesis, antibacterial and anticancer properties, and discusses the challenges and prospects for further progress in this area, expecting to generate broader interest in the technology for applications in disease treatment and regenerative medicine.
基于介孔二氧化硅的材料，尤其是介孔生物活性玻璃（MBG），因其生物活性和生物相容性，以及可调节的组成和可控的纳米多孔结构使其有潜力用作药物递送载体，而在包括药物递送和组织工程在内的生物医学应用中受到高度关注。大量研究报道，MBG可掺杂各种治疗性离子（锶、铜、镁、锌、锂、银等）并负载特定生物分子（如治疗药物、抗生素、生长因子），实现可控的负载和释放动力学。因此，使用单一MBG载体共递送离子和生物分子非常有意义，因为与单独药物或离子递送策略相比，这种方法对改善治疗效果具有协同作用。在本综述中，我们讨论了用于共递送离子和治疗药物并具有成骨/牙骨质生成、血管生成、抗菌和抗癌特性的介孔二氧化硅基材料领域的最新进展。文献分析表明，经过特殊设计的介孔纳米载体可以在治疗安全且相关的水平上释放多种离子和药物，实现特定生物医学应用所需的（体内、体外）生物学效应。预计本关于使用MBG载体的离子/药物共递送概念的综述将阐明此类共递送系统在临床应用中的优势。确定并讨论了未来研究方向的领域。重要性声明：文献中的许多研究关注基于介孔二氧化硅的材料进行单一药物或离子递送的潜力，利用这些材料的生物活性、生物相容性、可调节组成和可控的纳米孔隙率。最近，研究采用了“双重递送”概念，通过设计多功能介孔二氧化硅基系统，能够同时递送生物活性离子和生物分子（生长因子、药物），以实现其互补治疗活性的协同作用。本综述总结了该领域的最新进展，重点关注成骨/牙骨质生成、血管生成、抗菌和抗癌特性，并讨论了该领域进一步进展的挑战和前景，期望激发对该技术在疾病治疗和再生医学应用中的更广泛兴趣。
