Kebede Samuel, Van Harmelen Anne-Laura, Roman-Urrestarazu Andres
Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands.
J Interpers Violence. 2022 Sep;37(17-18):NP15568-NP15593. doi: 10.1177/08862605211016337. Epub 2021 May 19.
Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) has been linked to poor health. Economic position may be an important risk factor for IPV. We examined the association between economic position and IPV at country and individual levels. We analyzed Demographic and Health Surveys data of 187,716 ever-partnered women between ages 10 and 59 from 20 low- and middle-income countries. We calculated direct age-standardized 12-month prevalence of physical IPV and performed ecological analysis using Gini coefficients and Concentration indexes to assess correlation with 12-month prevalence of physical IPV. We conducted multivariable logistic regression for each country to assess the association between wealth status and physical IPV and a meta-analysis of the regression model to present results across countries. Compared to the Poorest quintile, odds of IPV among wealthier quintiles varied by country. In the Middle quintile, India had significantly reduced IPV (OR 0.75, 95%CI: 0.68-0.83). In the Richer and Richest quintiles, 4 and 6 countries had significant reductions in IPV, respectively. Only Mozambique was found to have significant increased IPV in the wealthiest quintile (OR 2.51, 95%CI: 1.45-4.38). Gini coefficient and physical IPV had a correlation coefficient of 0.502 ( value 0.033), while Concentration index had -0.276 ( value .253). Standardized prevalence for physical IPV ranged from 1.58% to 18.91%. Findings suggest that the relationship between wealth and IPV vary considerably in the included low- and middle-income countries, and that risk of IPV may not necessarily be higher among women in lower wealth brackets. Mozambique was the only country with increased odds of IPV among the Richest group as compared to the Poorest group. This study provides evidence IPV may transcend economic boundaries, and that studies looking at the link between inequality and IPV are paramount for designing adequate preventative policies.
亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）与健康状况不佳有关。经济状况可能是亲密伴侣暴力的一个重要风险因素。我们在国家和个人层面研究了经济状况与亲密伴侣暴力之间的关联。我们分析了来自20个低收入和中等收入国家的187716名年龄在10至59岁之间有过伴侣关系的女性的人口与健康调查数据。我们计算了直接年龄标准化的12个月身体亲密伴侣暴力患病率，并使用基尼系数和集中指数进行生态分析，以评估与12个月身体亲密伴侣暴力患病率的相关性。我们对每个国家进行了多变量逻辑回归，以评估财富状况与身体亲密伴侣暴力之间的关联，并对回归模型进行荟萃分析以呈现各国的结果。与最贫困五分位数相比，较富裕五分位数中的亲密伴侣暴力几率因国家而异。在中间五分位数中，印度的亲密伴侣暴力显著减少（比值比0.75，95%置信区间：0.68 - 0.83）。在较富裕和最富裕五分位数中，分别有4个和6个国家的亲密伴侣暴力显著减少。仅发现莫桑比克在最富裕五分位数中亲密伴侣暴力显著增加（比值比2.51，95%置信区间：1.45 - 4.38）。基尼系数与身体亲密伴侣暴力的相关系数为0.502（p值0.033），而集中指数为 -0.276（p值0.253）。身体亲密伴侣暴力的标准化患病率在1.58%至18.91%之间。研究结果表明，在所纳入的低收入和中等收入国家中，财富与亲密伴侣暴力之间的关系差异很大，而且较低财富阶层女性遭受亲密伴侣暴力的风险不一定更高。与最贫困群体相比，莫桑比克是唯一一个在最富裕群体中亲密伴侣暴力几率增加的国家。这项研究提供了证据，表明亲密伴侣暴力可能跨越经济界限，并且研究不平等与亲密伴侣暴力之间的联系对于制定适当的预防政策至关重要。
