埃塞俄比亚西部内克梅特专科医院就诊的HIV阳性患者肠道寄生虫感染的患病率及诱发因素
Prevalence and Predisposing Factors of Intestinal Parasitic Infections Among HIV Positive Patients Visiting Nekemte Specialized Hospital, Western Ethiopia.
作者信息
Miressa Robsen, Dufera Mebrate
机构信息
Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia.
出版信息
HIV AIDS (Auckl). 2021 May 14;13:505-512. doi: 10.2147/HIV.S304294. eCollection 2021.
BACKGROUND
Intestinal parasites are endemic in many regions of the world where Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients are prevalent. This study aimed to assess the extent of intestinal parasitic infection (IPI) and predisposing factors among HIV positive patients visiting Nekemte Specialized Hospital, Western Ethiopia.
METHODS
A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV positive patients and HIV negative controls who visited Nekemte Specialized Hospital from April to August 2020. A structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic and risk-factor data. Stool samples and blood were collected and tested. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS
The occurrence of IPIs was considerably higher (73.3%) among HIV positive subjects compared to HIV negative controls (22.7%). Rate of infection with IPI was higher in individuals with CD4+ T cell count < 200 cells/μL. The species-specific distribution of parasites among HIV positive was higher for 35% followed by , 16% and hookworm 17.5%. Among the risk factors; age, educational status and occupation were significantly related with IPI (P<0.05). Habit of washing hands (OR=1.146, 95% CI: 0.189-1.936) and contact with animals (OR=2.926, 95% CI: 1.955-4.380) were expressively associated with IPI. Furthermore, eating raw meat, lack of safe water sources and usage were meaningfully connected with IPIs with OR=1.203, 95% CI: 0.590-2.454 and OR=0.172, 95% CI: 0.112-0.263, respectively.
CONCLUSION
HIV positive individuals were highly affected by IPI than HIV negative controls. The spreading of intestinal parasites was critically affected by reduced CD4+ T cell counts. Consistent screening and treatment of IPIs and awareness creation is very vital in improving the overall quality life of HIV/AIDS patients.
背景
在世界上许多人类免疫缺陷病毒和获得性免疫缺陷综合征（HIV/AIDS）患者流行的地区，肠道寄生虫呈地方性流行。本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚西部内克梅特专科医院就诊的HIV阳性患者中肠道寄生虫感染（IPI）的程度及其诱发因素。
方法
2020年4月至8月，在就诊于内克梅特专科医院的HIV阳性患者和HIV阴性对照者中开展了一项基于医院的横断面研究。使用结构化问卷收集社会人口学和风险因素数据。采集粪便样本和血液并进行检测。使用SPSS 20版软件进行数据分析。P<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
结果
与HIV阴性对照者（22.7%）相比，HIV阳性受试者中IPI的发生率显著更高（73.3%）。CD4+T细胞计数<200个细胞/μL的个体IPI感染率更高。HIV阳性者中寄生虫的种属特异性分布以 35%为最高，其次是 16%，钩虫为17.5%。在风险因素中，年龄、教育程度和职业与IPI显著相关（P<0.05）。洗手习惯（OR=1.146，95%CI：0.189-1.936）和与动物接触（OR=2.926，95%CI：1.955-4.380）与IPI显著相关。此外，食用生肉、缺乏安全水源及其使用情况分别与IPI有显著关联，OR值分别为1.203，95%CI：0.590-2.454和OR=0.172，95%CI：0.112-0.263。
结论
HIV阳性个体比HIV阴性对照者受IPI的影响更大。CD4+T细胞计数减少严重影响肠道寄生虫的传播。持续筛查和治疗IPI以及提高认识对于改善HIV/AIDS患者的整体生活质量至关重要。
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