Rafati-Sajedi Hasan, Majidi-Shad Bijan, Jafari-Shakib Reza, Atrkar-Roshan Zahra, Mahmoudi Mohammad Reza, Rezvani Seyed Mahmood
Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Acta Parasitol. 2021 Dec;66(4):1417-1423. doi: 10.1007/s11686-021-00410-7. Epub 2021 May 22.
Toxoplasma gondii is an important opportunistic intracellular protozoan parasite that can cause severe sequelae and even death in immunodeficient patients. This study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence and risk factors of toxoplasmosis among HIV/AIDS patients of the study area.
A cross-sectional study was carried out on 121 registered HIV/AIDS patients of behavioral diseases consultation center (BDCC) in Guilan province, north of Iran. Anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies were measured by ELISA technique in the serum samples. IgG avidity was measured for IgG- plus IgM-positive cases. Also, the relationship between T. gondii infection and related demographic and clinical characteristics were investigated.
Anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies were detected in 60.3 and 4.9% of patients, respectively. One case of acute toxoplasmosis (0.83%) was detected using an IgG avidity test. A significant correlation was observed between toxoplasmosis with age and marital status in these patients. The mean CD4count of HIV/AIDS patients was 549 ± 27 cells/µl. Viral load in 69.7% of the HIV patients was less than1000 copies/ml.
None of the T. gondii IgM-positive HIV patients received anti-Toxoplasma prophylaxis. This finding highlights the importance of T. gondii infection surveillance in HIV patients. Regarding the high prevalence of toxoplasmosis in the study population, educational efforts are recommended to prevent reactivation or acquiring primary infection and developing severe cases of toxoplasmosis in immunocompromised HIV/AIDS patients.
刚地弓形虫是一种重要的机会性细胞内原生动物寄生虫，可在免疫缺陷患者中导致严重后遗症甚至死亡。本研究旨在评估研究区域内艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者弓形虫病的血清流行率和危险因素。
对伊朗北部吉兰省行为疾病咨询中心（BDCC）登记的121例艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者进行了一项横断面研究。采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）技术检测血清样本中的抗弓形虫IgG和IgM抗体。对IgG和IgM均呈阳性的病例检测IgG亲和力。此外，还研究了弓形虫感染与相关人口统计学和临床特征之间的关系。
分别在60.3%和4.9%的患者中检测到抗弓形虫IgG和IgM抗体。通过IgG亲和力检测发现1例急性弓形虫病（0.83%）。在这些患者中，观察到弓形虫病与年龄和婚姻状况之间存在显著相关性。艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者的平均CD4细胞计数为549±27个/微升。69.7%的艾滋病毒患者病毒载量低于1000拷贝/毫升。
没有一名弓形虫IgM阳性的艾滋病毒患者接受抗弓形虫预防治疗。这一发现凸显了对艾滋病毒患者进行弓形虫感染监测的重要性。鉴于研究人群中弓形虫病的高流行率，建议开展教育工作，以防止免疫功能低下的艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者中弓形虫病的再激活或初次感染以及严重病例的发生。
