The Profiles of Long Non-coding RNA and mRNA Transcriptome Reveals the Genes and Pathway Potentially Involved in Infection of New Zealand Rabbits.

Infection with () causes severe epidemic diseases in rabbits and is responsible for the pronounced economic losses in the livestock industry. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been proven to exert vital functions in regulating the host immune responses to bacterial attacks. However, little is known about how lncRNAs participate in the rabbit's immune response against infection in the lungs. LncRNA and mRNA expression profiles were analyzed by transcriptomics and bioinformatics during infection. A total of 336 lncRNAs and 7,014 mRNAs were differentially regulated at 1 day and 3 days post infection (dpi). Nearly 80% of the differentially expressed lncRNAs exhibited an increased expression at 3 dpi suggesting that the genes are responsible for regulation. Moreover, GO and KEGG enriched analysis indicated that the immune-related pathways including pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), cytokines, and chemokines were significantly enriched at 3 dpi. These results indicate that the dysregulated immune-related genes may play crucial roles in defending against attacks. Overall, these results advance our cognition of the role of lncRNAs and mRNAs in modulating the rabbit's innate immune response against attacks, which will offer a valuable clue for further studies into exploring -related diseases in human.