College of Nursing, Midwifery and Healthcare, University of West London, Brentford, England.
Nurs Stand. 2021 Jun 30;36(7):71-76. doi: 10.7748/ns.2021.e11696. Epub 2021 May 25.
Diabetic retinopathy is a major cause of preventable sight loss in the working-age population and a major global health issue. It is caused by chronic hyperglycaemia, which also predisposes patients with diabetes mellitus to a range of other ocular complications including diabetic macular oedema, eye infections, diabetic cataract, and dry eye and corneal complications. Ocular complications of diabetes can significantly affect people's quality of life, so regular eye screening from the point of diabetes diagnosis, as well as a multidisciplinary team approach, are required to identify these complications early, manage them effectively, and support patients to achieve glycaemic control. This article provides an overview of diabetic retinopathy and other ocular complications of diabetes, and explains the role of the nurse in providing health promotion, patient education and support.
糖尿病视网膜病变是工作年龄段人群中可预防视力丧失的主要原因，也是一个全球性的主要健康问题。它是由慢性高血糖引起的，这也使糖尿病患者易患一系列其他眼部并发症，包括糖尿病黄斑水肿、眼部感染、糖尿病性白内障以及干眼和角膜并发症。糖尿病的眼部并发症会严重影响人们的生活质量，因此需要从糖尿病诊断的那一刻起进行定期的眼部筛查，并采取多学科团队的方法，以便早期发现这些并发症，进行有效的管理，并为患者提供支持以实现血糖控制。本文概述了糖尿病视网膜病变和糖尿病的其他眼部并发症，并解释了护士在提供健康促进、患者教育和支持方面的作用。
