Departamento de Nutrição e Saúde, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brasil,
Departamento de Nutrição e Saúde, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brasil.
Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2021 May 18;64(5):507-513. doi: 10.20945/2359-3997000000289.
As pregnant women are susceptible to changes in iodine, which can cause miscarriage, goiter, thyroid nodules, hypothyroidism, in addition to fetal neurological impairment or development. The aim of this study was to verify the implications of the iodine alteration in each gestational trimester and its consequences of physiological justification. The review was based on PRISMA. Searching for articles that took place in March 2020 without delimiting data. As bases consulted were the Clinical Trials, Cochrane Library, Lilacs and Medline (PubMed). The descriptors were combined as follows: "pregnancy" AND "iodine deficiency". Articles that addressed iodine deficiency and its implications were included. The selection followed the steps of reading the titles, abstracts and full articles. To assess the methodological quality of the studies, the STROBE Instruction instrument was used. The research resulted in 1,266 studies and 11 were included. In assessing methodological quality, the lowest score was and the maximum 20. According to studies, the fourth most affected by iodine loss are the second and third, it is possible to increase the volume and pneumatic nodules, subclinical hypothyroidism, pre-eclampsia, among others. The damages caused by iodine deficiency in the first or second trimester are still reversible, therefore, they need to be diagnosed early, to guarantee an iodic homeostasis and prevent damage to the health of the mother-child binomial.
由于孕妇容易受到碘的变化的影响，这可能导致流产、甲状腺肿、甲状腺结节、甲状腺功能减退症，此外还会对胎儿的神经损伤或发育造成影响。本研究旨在验证每个妊娠阶段碘变化的影响及其生理合理性的后果。综述基于 PRISMA 进行。搜索了 2020 年 3 月的文章，没有限定数据。检索的基础是临床试验、科克伦图书馆、巴西生物医学文献数据库和医学文献数据库（PubMed）。将描述词组合如下："pregnancy" AND "iodine deficiency"。纳入了讨论碘缺乏及其影响的文章。选择遵循阅读标题、摘要和全文的步骤。为了评估研究的方法学质量，使用了 STROBE 指令工具。研究结果产生了 1266 项研究，其中有 11 项被纳入。在评估方法学质量时，得分最低为，最高为 20。根据研究，受碘损失影响第四多的是第二和第三个孕期，可能会增加体积和气动结节、亚临床甲状腺功能减退症、子痫前期等。碘缺乏在第一或第二个孕期造成的损害仍然是可逆的，因此需要早期诊断，以保证碘的体内平衡，防止对子代健康造成损害。
