Department of Pediatrics, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
Department of Pediatrics, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
BMC Pulm Med. 2021 May 25;21(1):178. doi: 10.1186/s12890-021-01543-1.
The excess adiposity, even in the absence of diseases, is responsible for a decline in pulmonary function, which is considered a predictor of mortality and a risk factor for diseases in several epidemiological studies. However, studies on the association between obesity and pulmonary function have found only few associations or inconclusive results. The aim of the study is to evaluate the association between body composition and spirometric parameters, comparing simple obesity measures such as body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference with more precise body composition measurements such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and air-displacement plethysmography (BOD POD).
This is an observational, cross-sectional study that used data from the 1978/79 Ribeirão Preto birth cohort (São Paulo, Brazil). The study included 1746 participants from the 5th follow-up of the cohort. Linear regressions were calculated to evaluate the association between BMI, waist circumference, waist-height ratio (WHtR), BOD POD- and DXA-measured fat mass percentage, and spirometric parameters FEV1, and FVC.
For every 1-kg/m BMI increase, FVC decreased by 13 ml in males and by 6 ml in females and FEV1 decreased by 11 ml and 5 ml, respectively. Regarding body composition measurements, for a 1% increase in fat mass assessed by BOD POD, FVC decreased by 16 ml in males and by 8 ml in females and FEV1 decreased by 13 ml and 7 ml, respectively. Hence, negative associations between body measurements and FEV1 and FVC were observed in both genders, especially when using the fat mass measurement and were more expressive in men.
The anthropometric and body composition parameters were negatively associated with the spirometric variables FVC and FEV1. We have also observed that simple measures such as waist-height ratio were sufficient to detect the association of body composition with pulmonary function reduction.
即使没有疾病，多余的脂肪也会导致肺功能下降，这被认为是死亡率的预测因素，也是几项流行病学研究中多种疾病的危险因素。然而，关于肥胖与肺功能之间关联的研究发现，关联很少或结果不确定。本研究旨在评估身体成分与肺功能参数之间的关联，比较简单的肥胖测量指标，如体重指数（BMI）和腰围，以及更精确的身体成分测量指标，如双能 X 射线吸收法（DXA）和空气置换体描仪（BOD POD）。
这是一项观察性的横断面研究，使用了来自 1978/79 年里贝朗普雷图出生队列（巴西圣保罗）的第五次随访数据。该研究纳入了来自该队列的 1746 名参与者。通过线性回归评估 BMI、腰围、腰高比（WHtR）、BOD POD 和 DXA 测量的脂肪百分比与 FEV1 和 FVC 等肺功能参数之间的关联。
在男性中，每增加 1kg/m2 的 BMI，FVC 就会降低 13ml，在女性中，FVC 会降低 6ml；每增加 11ml 和 5ml 的 FEV1。在身体成分测量方面，在男性中，BOD POD 评估的脂肪量增加 1%，FVC 就会降低 16ml，在女性中，FVC 会降低 8ml；FEV1 则会降低 13ml 和 7ml。因此，在两性中，身体测量值与 FEV1 和 FVC 之间存在负相关，特别是使用脂肪量测量时，在男性中更为明显。
人体测量和身体成分参数与 FVC 和 FEV1 等肺功能变量呈负相关。我们还观察到，简单的指标，如腰高比，足以检测身体成分与肺功能下降之间的关联。
