Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan.
Department of General Science Education, National Institute of Technology, Hachinohe College, Hachinohe, Aomori, Japan.
PLoS One. 2020 Nov 17;15(11):e0242308. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242308. eCollection 2020.
Pulmonary diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), are major chronic diseases that result in decreased pulmonary function. Relationships between body composition and pulmonary function have been reported. However, few epidemiological studies have used the visceral fat area (VFA) to measure body composition. This study aimed to examine the relationship between body composition and pulmonary function. A cross-sectional study was conducted between 2015 and 2016, using data obtained from 1,287 residents aged between 19 and 91 years living in the Iwaki area of Hirosaki City, a rural region in Aomori Prefecture, Japan. Pulmonary function was evaluated using the forced vital capacity (FVC) as a percentage of the predicted value (predicted FVC%) and the ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) to FVC. The measurements for evaluating body composition included the body fat percentage (BFP) of the whole body and trunk, skeletal muscle index (SMI), body mass index (BMI), VFA, waist circumference (WC) at the navel level, and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). To adjust for potential confounders, Spearman's partial correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between the measurements of body composition and pulmonary function. There were significant correlations between the predicted FVC% and the following parameters: BFP (whole body and trunk) in younger males; SMI in older males; WC, VFA, BMI, and SMI in younger females; and BFP (whole body and trunk) and VFA in older females. Contrastingly, WC and VFA in younger males and WC in younger females were correlated with the FEV1/FVC ratio. VFA was correlated with the FEV1/FVC ratio in younger males and predicted FVC% in older females. These findings suggest that visceral fat accumulation may increase the development of obstructive pulmonary disease in young males and accelerate the decline of pulmonary function (predicted FVC%) in older females.
肺部疾病，包括慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD），是导致肺功能下降的主要慢性疾病。已经有研究报道了身体成分与肺功能之间的关系。然而，很少有流行病学研究使用内脏脂肪面积（VFA）来衡量身体成分。本研究旨在探讨身体成分与肺功能之间的关系。这是一项横断面研究，于 2015 年至 2016 年在日本青森县弘前市岩木地区进行，使用了 1287 名年龄在 19 岁至 91 岁之间的居民的数据。使用用力肺活量（FVC）占预计值的百分比（预计 FVC%）和 1 秒用力呼气量（FEV1）与 FVC 的比值来评估肺功能。评估身体成分的测量指标包括全身和躯干部位的体脂百分比（BFP）、骨骼肌指数（SMI）、体重指数（BMI）、VFA、脐水平的腰围（WC）和腰臀比（WHR）。为了调整潜在的混杂因素，采用 Spearman 部分相关分析来检验身体成分测量指标与肺功能之间的关系。在年轻男性中，预计 FVC%与以下参数呈显著相关：BFP（全身和躯干部位）；在年长男性中，与 SMI 呈显著相关；在年轻女性中，与 WC、VFA、BMI 和 SMI 呈显著相关；在年长女性中，与 BFP（全身和躯干部位）和 VFA 呈显著相关。相反，在年轻男性中，WC 和 VFA 以及年轻女性的 WC 与 FEV1/FVC 比值呈显著相关。在年轻男性中，VFA 与 FEV1/FVC 比值呈显著相关，在年长女性中，VFA 与预测 FVC%呈显著相关。这些发现表明，内脏脂肪堆积可能会增加年轻男性阻塞性肺病的发生，加速年长女性肺功能（预测 FVC%）的下降。
