Sharma Amol, Rao Satish S C
Dr Sharma is an associate professor of medicine and Dr Rao is a professor of medicine and the J. Harold Harrison, MD, Distinguished University Chair in Gastroenterology in the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology in the Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University in Augusta, Georgia.
Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y). 2020 Jun;16(6):302-309.
Fecal incontinence (FI) is a prevalent condition that occurs in up to 15% of the Western population and significantly impairs quality of life. The current understanding of the epidemiology of FI is shifting because of an increasing recognition of FI in men, better appreciation for the impact of changing obstetric practices on FI in women, and comprehension of the effect of modifiable risk factors on the development of FI over time. The pathophysiology of FI is complex and multifactorial, which necessitates the use of multiple diagnostic tests, including tests of anorectal sensorimotor function, peripheral nerve function, and anatomic structure. Translumbosacral anorectal magnetic stimulation is an emerging noninvasive diagnostic test for assessing lumbosacral neuropathy. This article is not intended as a comprehensive recitation of the literature, but rather focuses on recent developments in the understanding of the epidemiology of FI, as well as on the diagnostic evaluation of this condition. This article aims to increase awareness of FI and to outline an initial diagnostic approach to affected patients.
大便失禁（FI）是一种常见病症，在西方人群中发病率高达15%，严重损害生活质量。由于对男性大便失禁的认识不断增加、对产科实践变化对女性大便失禁影响的更好理解以及对可改变风险因素随时间推移对大便失禁发展影响的认识，目前对大便失禁流行病学的理解正在发生变化。大便失禁的病理生理学复杂且多因素，这就需要使用多种诊断测试，包括肛门直肠感觉运动功能测试、周围神经功能测试和解剖结构测试。经腰骶部肛门直肠磁刺激是一种新兴的用于评估腰骶部神经病变的非侵入性诊断测试。本文并非对文献的全面阐述，而是侧重于对大便失禁流行病学理解的最新进展以及对该病症的诊断评估。本文旨在提高对大便失禁的认识，并概述对受影响患者的初步诊断方法。
