Department of Health Planning Center, Nihon University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Cardiology, Nihon University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Ann Nutr Metab. 2021;77(3):146-153. doi: 10.1159/000515915. Epub 2021 May 26.
Higher fish consumption has been reported to be associated with a lower incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD). An elevated neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a marker of systemic inflammation, is reportedly associated with the development of adverse CAD events. We hypothesized that a higher fish intake was associated with a lower NLR.
This cross-sectional study was conducted in a cohort of 8,237 Japanese subjects who had no history of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease registered at the Health Planning Center of Nihon University Hospital between April 2018 and March 2019. The average weekly frequency of fish intake was 2.32 ± 1.31 days. The NLR decreased significantly as the weekly frequency of fish intake (0 day, 1-2 days, 3-4 days, or 5-7 days) increased (p = 0.001). A multiple stepwise regression analysis identified the weekly frequency of fish intake (β = -0.045, p < 0.0001) and habitual alcohol intake (β = -0.051, p < 0.0001) as significant but weak, negative, and independent determinants of the NLR. Conversely, the presence of metabolic syndrome (β = 0.046, p < 0.0001), the presence of treatment for diabetes mellitus (β = 0.054, p < 0.0001), and the presence of treatment for hypertension (β = 0.043, p < 0.0001) were significant positive and independent determinants of the NLR.
The present results suggest that a higher frequency of fish intake appears to be associated with a lower NLR, suggesting an anti-systemic inflammation effect. This association may partially explain the preventive effects of a higher fish intake on CAD events.
较高的鱼类摄入量与冠心病（CAD）发病率降低有关。中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值（NLR）升高是全身炎症的标志物，据报道与不良 CAD 事件的发展有关。我们假设较高的鱼类摄入量与较低的 NLR 相关。
这项横断面研究在日本九州大学医院健康规划中心于 2018 年 4 月至 2019 年 3 月登记的无动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病史的 8237 名日本受试者的队列中进行。鱼类摄入量的平均每周频率为 2.32±1.31 天。随着鱼类摄入量的每周频率（0 天、1-2 天、3-4 天或 5-7 天）增加，NLR 显著降低（p=0.001）。多元逐步回归分析确定了鱼类摄入量的每周频率（β=-0.045，p<0.0001）和习惯性饮酒（β=-0.051，p<0.0001）是 NLR 的显著但较弱的负独立决定因素。相反，代谢综合征的存在（β=0.046，p<0.0001）、糖尿病治疗的存在（β=0.054，p<0.0001）和高血压治疗的存在（β=0.043，p<0.0001）是 NLR 的显著正独立决定因素。
本研究结果表明，较高的鱼类摄入量与较低的 NLR 相关，表明具有抗全身炎症作用。这种关联可能部分解释了较高鱼类摄入量对 CAD 事件的预防作用。
