Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China.
Department of Orthopaedics, Huaian Medical District of Jingling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Huaian, 213001, China.
Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2022 Mar;43(3):520-528. doi: 10.1038/s41401-021-00676-7. Epub 2021 May 26.
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a ubiquitous nuclear protein that is present in almost all cells and regulates the activity of innate immune responses in both intracellular and extracellular settings. Current evidence suggests that HMGB1 plays a pivotal role in human pathological and pathophysiological processes such as the inflammatory response, immune reactions, cell migration, aging, and cell death. Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) that occurs in hosts in response to microbial infections with a proven or suspected infectious etiology and is the leading cause of death in intensive care units worldwide, particularly in the aging population. Dysregulated systemic inflammation is a classic characteristic of sepsis, and suppression of HMGB1 may ameliorate inflammation and improve patient outcomes. Here, we focus on the latest breakthroughs regarding the roles of HMGB1 in sepsis and sepsis-related organ injury, the ways by which HMGB1 are released, and the signaling pathways and therapeutics associated with HMGB1. This review highlights recent advances related to HMGB1: the regulation of HMBG1 might be helpful for both basic research and drug development for the treatment of sepsis and sepsis-related organ injury.
高迁移率族蛋白 B1（HMGB1）是一种普遍存在的核蛋白，几乎存在于所有细胞中，并调节细胞内和细胞外环境中固有免疫反应的活性。目前的证据表明，HMGB1 在人类病理和生理病理过程中发挥着关键作用，如炎症反应、免疫反应、细胞迁移、衰老和细胞死亡。败血症是一种全身炎症反应综合征（SIRS），发生在宿主对具有明确或可疑感染病因的微生物感染的反应中，是全球重症监护病房，特别是老龄化人群中死亡的主要原因。失调的全身炎症是败血症的一个典型特征，抑制 HMGB1 可能减轻炎症并改善患者的预后。在这里，我们重点介绍关于 HMGB1 在败血症和败血症相关器官损伤中的作用、HMGB1 释放的方式以及与 HMGB1 相关的信号通路和治疗方法的最新突破。本综述强调了与 HMGB1 相关的最新进展：HMGB1 的调节可能有助于败血症和败血症相关器官损伤的基础研究和药物开发。
