沙特阿拉伯王国人群中接受新冠疫苗接种意愿的预测因素：一项调查研究
Predictors of Intent to Receive the COVID-19 Vaccination Among the Population in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Survey Study.
作者信息
Alobaidi Sami
机构信息
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
出版信息
J Multidiscip Healthc. 2021 May 18;14:1119-1128. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S306654. eCollection 2021.
BACKGROUND
The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant economic and social impact on the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This study explored various factors influencing the COVID-19 vaccination intention and the applicability of the health belief model (HBM) to explore vaccination intention among the population of Saudi Arabia.
METHODS
This is an online survey conducted between January 6, 2021, and January 19, 2021, using a Google form questionnaire among Saudi population. The questionnaire aimed to assess the factors that influence the intent to receive the vaccine, by evaluating demographic details, COVID-19 experience and health self-assessment, acceptability of COVID-19 vaccination and preferences and health belief regarding COVID-19 illness and vaccination.
RESULTS
The survey generated a total of 1333 responses from all over the 13 provinces of the Kingdom. The participants had mixed perceptions regarding the susceptibility and severity of COVID-19. A total of 959 (71.9%) subjects responded positively to COVID-19 vaccine intent. Those with >15,000 SR per month income, no past exposure to COVID-19, and comorbidities reported significantly higher intention to take vaccination (p<0.05). Among the HBM variables, the perceived susceptibility construct (OR=3.82, 95% CI 1.64-8.94) and perceived benefit construct (OR=7.59, CI 1.65-34.86) were important facilitators for a definite intention to vaccinate. The perceived barriers construct (safety [OR= 0.062, CI 0.03-0.15]; side effects of the vaccine [OR=0.31, CI 0.13-0.75]) and cues to action construct (OR=0.32, CI 0.13-0.77) were the significant factors hindering the uptake of COVID-19 vaccine. However, the perceived severity construct did not play an important role in predicting definite intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine in the Saudi population.
CONCLUSION
The study has important implications for promoting COVID-19 vaccination uptake among the population of Saudi Arabia.
背景
新冠疫情对沙特阿拉伯王国产生了重大的经济和社会影响。本研究探讨了影响新冠疫苗接种意愿的各种因素，以及健康信念模型（HBM）在探索沙特阿拉伯人群疫苗接种意愿方面的适用性。
方法
这是一项于2021年1月6日至1月19日期间开展的在线调查，通过谷歌表单问卷对沙特人群进行调查。该问卷旨在通过评估人口统计学细节、新冠经历和健康自我评估、新冠疫苗接种的可接受性以及对新冠疾病和疫苗接种的偏好与健康信念，来评估影响接种疫苗意愿的因素。
结果
该调查共收到来自沙特王国13个省份各地的1333份回复。参与者对新冠的易感性和严重性看法不一。共有959名（71.9%）受试者对新冠疫苗接种意愿给出了肯定答复。月收入超过15000里亚尔、未曾接触过新冠且患有合并症的人群报告的接种意愿明显更高（p<0.05）。在健康信念模型变量中，感知易感性结构（比值比[OR]=3.82，95%置信区间[CI] 1.64 - 8.94）和感知益处结构（OR=7.59，CI 1.65 - 34.86）是明确接种意愿的重要促进因素。感知障碍结构（安全性[OR=0.062，CI 0.03 - 0.15]；疫苗副作用[OR=0.31，CI 0.13 - 0.75]）和行动提示结构（OR=0.32，CI 0.13 - 0.77）是阻碍新冠疫苗接种的重要因素。然而，感知严重性结构在预测沙特人群接种新冠疫苗的明确意愿方面并未发挥重要作用。
结论
该研究对促进沙特阿拉伯人群接种新冠疫苗具有重要意义。
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