World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence in Public Health and Toxicological Research (PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
Department of Dental Health Sciences, Ogbia, Bayelsa State College of Health Technology, Otakeme, Nigeria.
Front Immunol. 2021 May 10;12:550670. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.550670. eCollection 2021.
calyx (HS) water decoction extract is a commonly consumed beverage with various pharmacological properties. This systematic review examines the possible effect of HS intake on immune mediators. The Scopus and PUBMED databases were searched for all human and animal studies that investigated the effect of HS administration on immune related biomarkers. For each of the immune biomarkers, the mean, standard deviation and number of subjects were extracted for both the HS treated and untreated group. These values were used in the computation of standardized mean difference (SMD). Statistical analysis and forest plot were done with R statistical software (version 3.6.1). Twenty seven (27) studies met the eligibility criteria. Twenty two (22) of the studies were used for the meta-analysis which included a total of 1211 subjects. The meta-analysis showed that HS administration significantly lowered the levels of TNF-α (n=10; pooled SMD: -1.55; 95% CI: -2.43, -0.67; P < 0.01), IL-6 (n=11; pooled SMD:-1.09; 95% CI: -1.77, -0.40; P < 0.01), IL-1β (n=7; pooled SMD:-0.62; 95% CI: -1.25, 0.00; P = 0.05), Edema formation (n=4; pooled SMD: -2.29; 95% CI: -4.47, -0.11; P = 0.04), Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein -1 (n=4; pooled SMD: -1.17; 95% CI: -1.78, -0.57; P < 0.01) and Angiotensin converting enzyme cascade (n=6; pooled SMD: -0.91; 95% CI: -1.57, -0.25; P < 0.01). The levels of IL-10 (n=4; pooled SMD: -0.38; 95% CI: -1.67, 0.91; P = 0.56), Interleukin 8 (n=2; pooled SMD:-0.12; 95% CI: -0.76, 0.51; P = 0.71), iNOS (n=2; pooled SMD:-0.69; 95% CI: -1.60, 0.23 P = 0.14) and C- Reactive Protein (n=4; pooled SMD: 0.05; 95% CI: -0.26, 0.36; P = 0.75), were not significantly changed by HS administration. Some of the results had high statistical heterogeneity. HS may be promising in the management of disorders involving hyperactive immune system or chronic inflammation.
HS 水提物是一种常见的饮品，具有多种药理作用。本系统评价旨在探讨 HS 摄入对免疫调节剂的可能影响。检索了 Scopus 和 PUBMED 数据库中所有研究 HS 给药对免疫相关生物标志物影响的人类和动物研究。对于每个免疫生物标志物，提取了 HS 处理组和未处理组的均值、标准差和受试者数量。这些值用于计算标准化均数差（SMD）。使用 R 统计软件（版本 3.6.1）进行统计分析和森林图绘制。共有 27 项研究符合纳入标准。其中 22 项研究纳入了荟萃分析，共纳入 1211 名受试者。荟萃分析显示，HS 给药可显著降低 TNF-α 水平（n=10；合并 SMD：-1.55；95%CI：-2.43，-0.67；P<0.01）、IL-6 水平（n=11；合并 SMD：-1.09；95%CI：-1.77，-0.40；P<0.01）、IL-1β 水平（n=7；合并 SMD：-0.62；95%CI：-1.25，0.00；P=0.05）、水肿形成（n=4；合并 SMD：-2.29；95%CI：-4.47，-0.11；P=0.04）、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1（n=4；合并 SMD：-1.17；95%CI：-1.78，-0.57；P<0.01）和血管紧张素转换酶级联反应（n=6；合并 SMD：-0.91；95%CI：-1.57，-0.25；P<0.01）。IL-10 水平（n=4；合并 SMD：-0.38；95%CI：-1.67，0.91；P=0.56）、白细胞介素 8（n=2；合并 SMD：-0.12；95%CI：-0.76，0.51；P=0.71）、诱导型一氧化氮合酶（n=2；合并 SMD：-0.69；95%CI：-1.60，0.23；P=0.14）和 C-反应蛋白（n=4；合并 SMD：0.05；95%CI：-0.26，0.36；P=0.75）无显著变化。部分结果具有较高的统计学异质性。HS 可能对涉及免疫系统过度活跃或慢性炎症的疾病的治疗具有潜在价值。
