North Henry L, McGaughran Angela, Jiggins Chris D
Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Te Aka Mātuatua/School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand.
Mol Ecol. 2021 Dec;30(23):6289-6308. doi: 10.1111/mec.15999. Epub 2021 Jul 20.
Studies of invasive species can simultaneously inform management strategies and quantify rapid evolution in the wild. The role of genomics in invasion science is increasingly recognised, and the growing availability of reference genomes for invasive species is paving the way for whole-genome resequencing studies in a wide range of systems. Here, we survey the literature to assess the application of whole-genome resequencing data in invasion biology. For some applications, such as the reconstruction of invasion routes in time and space, sequencing the whole genome of many individuals can increase the accuracy of existing methods. In other cases, population genomic approaches such as haplotype analysis can permit entirely new questions to be addressed and new technologies applied. To date whole-genome resequencing has only been used in a handful of invasive systems, but these studies have confirmed the importance of processes such as balancing selection and hybridization in allowing invasive species to reuse existing adaptations and rapidly overcome the challenges of a foreign ecosystem. The use of genomic data does not constitute a paradigm shift per se, but by leveraging new theory, tools, and technologies, population genomics can provide unprecedented insight into basic and applied aspects of invasion science.
对入侵物种的研究能够同时为管理策略提供信息，并量化野生环境中的快速进化。基因组学在入侵科学中的作用日益得到认可，入侵物种参考基因组的日益丰富为广泛系统中的全基因组重测序研究铺平了道路。在此，我们对文献进行综述，以评估全基因组重测序数据在入侵生物学中的应用。对于某些应用，例如时空入侵路线的重建，对许多个体的全基因组进行测序可以提高现有方法的准确性。在其他情况下，诸如单倍型分析等群体基因组方法能够解决全新的问题并应用新技术。迄今为止，全基因组重测序仅在少数入侵系统中得到应用，但这些研究证实了平衡选择和杂交等过程在使入侵物种能够重新利用现有适应性并迅速克服外来生态系统挑战方面的重要性。基因组数据的使用本身并不构成范式转变，但通过利用新理论、工具和技术，群体基因组学能够为入侵科学的基础和应用方面提供前所未有的见解。
