From the Center for Vaccines and Immunity, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.
Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Infantil Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón Madrid, Spain.
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2021 May 1;40(5S):S35-S39. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000003121.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of hospitalizations in infants worldwide. Palivizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against the RSV F protein, is the only licensed agent for prevention of severe RSV infection in high-risk infants. Palivizumab is administered intramuscularly, every month during the RSV season, usually 5 doses are required. In recent years, the resolution of the structure of the RSV F protein, with identification of potent neutralizing epitopes, and new technologies for production of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have facilitated the development of new alternative strategies for the prevention of RSV infections. One promising approach is a new generation of mAbs directed to new neutralizing epitopes and with prolonged half life. These enhanced mAbs are expected to provide adequate protection during the complete RSV season with a single intramuscular (IM) dose. The long-term goal of this approach is to provide passive immunization for the prevention of RSV lower respiratory tract infection to all infants (preterm and full term) in the first months of life before their initial exposure to RSV.
呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）是全球导致婴儿住院的主要原因。帕利珠单抗是一种针对 RSV F 蛋白的人源化单克隆抗体，是唯一获准用于预防高危婴儿严重 RSV 感染的药物。帕利珠单抗肌内注射，在 RSV 季节每月一次，通常需要 5 剂。近年来，随着 RSV F 蛋白结构的解析，以及用于生产单克隆抗体（mAbs）的新技术的出现，为预防 RSV 感染的新替代策略的发展提供了便利。一种有前途的方法是针对新的中和表位并具有延长半衰期的新一代 mAbs。这些增强型 mAbs 有望在 RSV 季节的整个过程中，通过单次肌内（IM）注射提供充分的保护。该方法的长期目标是为所有婴儿（早产儿和足月儿）在首次接触 RSV 之前的生命最初几个月提供被动免疫，以预防 RSV 下呼吸道感染。
