Smith B P, Reina-Guerra M, Hardy A J
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1978 Feb 1;172(3):353-6.
Feces from 1,451 horses entering a veterinary hospital over a 13-month period were cultured for salmonella. A total of 46 horses (3.2%) yielded 1 or more salmonella-positive fecal cultures. Twenty horses were found to be excreting salmonella in the feces on admission, and 5 of these later had severe diarrhea associated with enteric salmonellosis. Abdominal surgery and other severe stresses were associated with all cases of severe enteric salmonellosis. Serotypes of salmonella isolated included Salmonella agona (15), S anatum (14), S typhimurium (7), S typhimurium var copenhagen (4), S infantis (2), S montevideo (1), S meleagridis (1), S drypool (1), and an unnamed Salmonella serotype (1). Seven deaths were attributed to 4 serotypes (S typhimurium, 3; S anatum, 2; S typhimurium var copenhagen, 1; and S montevideo, 1). A marked seasonal incidence is isolations was found with isolations highest in later summer to early fall and lowest in the spring. It was also found that horses can shed salmonella intermittently, and a minimal of 5 consecutive negative fecal cultures is recommended before considering a horse not to be infected with salmonella.
在13个月的时间里，对进入一家兽医医院的1451匹马的粪便进行了沙门氏菌培养。共有46匹马（3.2%）的粪便培养出1种或多种沙门氏菌阳性结果。20匹马在入院时被发现粪便中排出沙门氏菌，其中5匹后来出现了与肠道沙门氏菌病相关的严重腹泻。腹部手术和其他严重应激与所有严重肠道沙门氏菌病病例有关。分离出的沙门氏菌血清型包括阿哥纳沙门氏菌（15例）、安纳托姆沙门氏菌（14例）、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌（7例）、哥本哈根鼠伤寒沙门氏菌变种（4例）、婴儿沙门氏菌（2例）、蒙得维的亚沙门氏菌（1例）、火鸡沙门氏菌（1例）、德赖普尔沙门氏菌（1例）和一种未命名的沙门氏菌血清型（1例）。7例死亡归因于4种血清型（鼠伤寒沙门氏菌，3例；安纳托姆沙门氏菌，2例；哥本哈根鼠伤寒沙门氏菌变种，1例；蒙得维的亚沙门氏菌，1例）。发现分离情况有明显的季节性，夏末至初秋分离率最高，春季最低。还发现马匹可间歇性排出沙门氏菌，建议在连续至少5次粪便培养阴性后才考虑一匹马未感染沙门氏菌。
