Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, PR China; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, PR China.
Academician Workstation, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, PR China.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2021 Sep 15;277:114233. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114233. Epub 2021 May 24.
The genus Viscum comprises approximately 100 species that are mainly distributed across Africa, Asia and Europe. The extracts and preparations of Viscum species are widely used as common complementary and alternative medicines in the treatment of rheumatism and cancer.
This review aims to explore the medicinal properties of twelve species belonging to the genus Viscum for potential therapeutic applications.
We collected online information (including PubMed, CNKI, Google Scholar, and Web of Science) from January 1915 to April 2021 and knowledge from classical books on Chinese herbal medicines available for 12 species of the genus Viscum, including Viscum coloratum (Kom.) Nakai, Viscum album L., Viscum articulatum Burm. f., Viscum liquidambaricola Hayata, Viscum ovalifolium DC., Viscum capitellatum Sm., Viscum cruciatum Sieber ex Boiss., Viscum nudum Danser, Viscum angulatum B.Heyne ex DC., Viscum tuberculatum A.Rich., Viscum multinerve Hayata, and Viscum diospyrosicola Hayata.
At least 250 different compounds have been reported across twelve Viscum species, including amino acid and peptides, alkaloids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, terpenoids, carbohydrates, fatty acids, lipids, and other types of compounds. In particular, for Viscum coloratum (Kom.) Nakai and Viscum album L., the plants, preparations, and bioactive components have been thoroughly reviewed. This has allowed to elucidate the role of active components, including lectins, viscotoxins, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolic acids, and polysaccharides, in multiple bioactivities, such as anti-cancer, anti-rheumatism arthralgia, anti-inflammation, anti-cardiovascular diseases, enhancing immunity, and anti-chemotherapy side effects. We also evaluated quality control methods based on active compounds, in vivo exposure compounds, and discriminated chemical markers.
This is the first report to systematically review the pharmaceutical development history, chemical composition, clinical evidence, pharmacological activity, discriminated chemical markers, in vivo exposure, and quality control on twelve distinct species of Viscum plants with medicinal properties. The significant safety and efficacy, along with the minor side effects are constantly confirmed in clinics. The genus Viscum is thus an important medicinal resource that is worth exploring and developing in future pharmacological and chemical studies.
肉苁蓉属约有 100 种，主要分布于非洲、亚洲和欧洲。该属植物的提取物和制剂被广泛用作治疗风湿和癌症的常用补充和替代药物。
本综述旨在探讨 12 种肉苁蓉属植物的药用特性，以探索其潜在的治疗应用。
我们从 1915 年 1 月至 2021 年 4 月，在线收集了关于 12 种肉苁蓉属植物的信息（包括 PubMed、CNKI、Google Scholar 和 Web of Science），以及古典草药书籍中的知识，这些植物包括肉苁蓉（Kom.）Nakai、肉苁蓉、肉苁蓉、肉苁蓉、肉苁蓉、肉苁蓉、肉苁蓉、肉苁蓉、肉苁蓉、肉苁蓉、肉苁蓉、肉苁蓉。
至少有 250 种不同的化合物在 12 种肉苁蓉属植物中被报道，包括氨基酸和肽、生物碱、酚酸、类黄酮、萜类、碳水化合物、脂肪酸、脂类和其他类型的化合物。特别是对于肉苁蓉（Kom.）Nakai 和肉苁蓉，对植物、制剂和生物活性成分进行了全面的综述。这使得阐明活性成分（包括凝集素、viscotoxins、类黄酮、萜类、酚酸和多糖）在多种生物活性中的作用成为可能，如抗癌、抗风湿性关节炎、抗炎、抗心血管疾病、增强免疫力和抗化疗副作用。我们还评估了基于活性化合物、体内暴露化合物和区分化学标志物的质量控制方法。
这是第一篇系统综述 12 种具有药用特性的肉苁蓉属植物的药物开发历史、化学成分、临床证据、药理活性、区分化学标志物、体内暴露和质量控制的报告。该属植物的显著安全性和疗效以及较小的副作用在临床上不断得到证实。因此，肉苁蓉属是一种值得在未来药理学和化学研究中探索和开发的重要药用资源。
