Faculty of Social and Education Sciences, University of Peloponnese, Corinth, Greece.
Health Policy Institute, Athens, Greece.
Inquiry. 2021 Jan-Dec;58:469580211022913. doi: 10.1177/00469580211022913.
The objective of this cross-sectional survey was to estimate the association between multiple socioeconomic, and health-related characteristics, COVID-19 related attitudes and adoption of public health preventive behaviors. A national cross-sectional survey among 1205 adults was conducted in April 2020 in Greece. Multivariable ordered logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between COVID-19 related attitudes and knowledge and adoption of preventive behaviors, controlling for socioeconomic and health-related characteristics. A total of 923 individuals fully completed the survey. Individuals who believed that the virus is out of control, is transmitted through the air, and is not similar to the common flu were more likely to adopt public health preventive behaviors more frequently, particularly wearing masks in public spaces, washing their hands, and spending fewer hours out of their homes. Uncertainty about the virus symptomatology was associated with less frequent mask-wearing and handwashing. Increased social support, frequent media use for COVID-19 updates, trust to authorities, older age, worse health status, female gender and being a healthcare professional were also associated with uptake of some preventive health behaviors. Attitudinal and socioeconomic determinants critically affect public engagement in preventive behaviors. Health policy initiatives should focus on community outreach approaches to raise awareness and to strengthen social support mechanisms by integrating multiple stakeholders.
本横断面调查的目的是评估多种社会经济和健康相关特征、与 COVID-19 相关的态度以及采取公共卫生预防措施之间的关联。2020 年 4 月在希腊对 1205 名成年人进行了一项全国性横断面调查。使用多变量有序逻辑回归模型，控制社会经济和健康相关特征，估计与 COVID-19 相关的态度和知识与预防行为的采用之间的关联。共有 923 人完整地完成了调查。认为病毒失控、通过空气传播且与普通流感不同的人更有可能更频繁地采取公共卫生预防措施，尤其是在公共场所戴口罩、勤洗手和减少外出时间。对病毒症状的不确定性与较少戴口罩和洗手有关。增加社会支持、频繁使用媒体了解 COVID-19 最新情况、对当局的信任、年龄较大、健康状况较差、女性和医疗保健专业人员也与某些预防健康行为的采用有关。态度和社会经济决定因素对公众参与预防行为有重大影响。卫生政策举措应侧重于社区外联方法，通过整合多方利益相关者，提高认识和加强社会支持机制。
