Graff Rachel M, Jennings Kristofer, Davies Natalie A, Carrillo Andres E, Lavoy Emily C, Ryan Edward J, Markofski Melissa M
Department of Health & Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
Department of Biostatistics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Int J Exerc Sci. 2021 Apr 1;14(2):113-122. doi: 10.70252/AESM3821. eCollection 2021.
The Paleolithic diet, characterized by an emphasis on hunter-gatherer type foods accompanied by an exclusion of grains, dairy products, and highly processed food items, is often promoted for weight loss and a reduction in cardiometabolic disease risk factors. Specific adipokines, such as adiponectin, omentin, nesfatin, and vaspin are reported to be dysregulated with obesity and may respond favorably to diet-induced fat loss. We aimed to evaluate the effects of an eight-week Paleolithic dietary intervention on circulating adiponectin, omentin, nesfatin, and vaspin in a cohort of physically inactive, but otherwise healthy adults.
Seven inactive adults participated in eight weeks of adherence to the Paleolithic Diet. Fasting blood samples, anthropometric, and body composition data were collected from each participant pre-and post-intervention. Serum adiponectin, omentin, nesfatin, and vaspin were measured.
After eight weeks of following the Paleolithic diet, there were reductions (<0.05) in relative body fat (-4.4%), waist circumference (- 5.9 cm), and sum of skinfolds (-36.8 mm). No changes were observed in waist to hip ratio (WHR), or in adiponectin, omentin, and nesfatin (>0.05), while serum vaspin levels for all participants were undetectable.
It is possible that although eight weeks resulted in modest body composition changes, short-term fat loss will not induce changes in adiponectin, omentin, and nesfatin in apparently healthy adults. Larger, long-term intervention studies that examine Paleolithic diet-induced changes across sex, body composition, and in populations with metabolic dysregulation are warranted.
旧石器时代饮食以强调采集狩猎型食物为特征，同时排除谷物、乳制品和高度加工食品，常被推崇用于减肥和降低心血管代谢疾病风险因素。据报道，特定的脂肪因子，如脂联素、网膜素、内脂素和内脏脂肪素，在肥胖时会失调，可能对饮食诱导的脂肪减少有良好反应。我们旨在评估为期八周的旧石器时代饮食干预对一组身体不活跃但其他方面健康的成年人循环脂联素、网膜素、内脂素和内脏脂肪素的影响。
七名不活跃的成年人参与了为期八周的旧石器时代饮食坚持计划。在干预前后从每位参与者收集空腹血样、人体测量和身体成分数据。测量血清脂联素、网膜素、内脂素和内脏脂肪素。
遵循旧石器时代饮食八周后，相对体脂（-4.4%）、腰围（-5.9厘米）和皮褶厚度总和（-36.8毫米）有所降低（<0.05）。腰臀比（WHR）、脂联素、网膜素和内脂素未观察到变化（>0.05），而所有参与者的血清内脏脂肪素水平均未检测到。
尽管八周导致了适度的身体成分变化，但短期脂肪减少可能不会在明显健康的成年人中引起脂联素、网膜素和内脂素的变化。有必要进行更大规模、长期的干预研究，以考察旧石器时代饮食在不同性别、身体成分以及代谢失调人群中引起的变化。
