Lopes Karynne Grutter, Farinatti Paulo, Bottino Daniel Alexandre, DE Souza Maria DAS Graças Coelho, Maranhão Priscila Alves, Bouskela Eliete, Lourenço Roberto Alves, DE Oliveira Ricardo Brandão
Graduate Program in Clinical and Experimental Physiopathology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Research on Vascular Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Int J Exerc Sci. 2021 Apr 1;14(3):410-422. doi: 10.70252/OXXF4710. eCollection 2021.
Resistance training (RT) with blood flow restriction (BFR) appears to accelerate muscle hypertrophy and strength gains in older populations. However, the training-related effects of RT with BFR upon blood pressure (BP) and cardiac autonomic modulation in the elderly remains unclear. The objective of this study is to compare the chronic effects of low-intensity RT performed with soft BFR (BFR) . high-intensity (HI) and low-intensity RT (CON) without BFR on BP and heart rate variability (HRV) indices in older adults. Thirty-two physically inactive participants (72 ± 7 yrs) performed RT for upper and lower limbs (50-min sessions, 3 times/week) for 12 weeks, being assigned into three groups: a) BFR; 30% of 1 repetition maximum (RM) with BFR corresponding to 50% of arterial occlusion pressure; b) HI; 70% of 1RM without BFR; c) CON; 30% of 1 RM without BFR. Resting BP and HRV were assessed at rest in the supine position, before and after exercise interventions. Systolic BP (Δ = -7.9 ± 8.0 mmHg; = 0.002; effect size = 0.62), diastolic BP (Δ = trace length by the duration of the test 5.0 ± 6.0 mmHg; = 0.007; effect size = 0.67) and mean arterial pressure (Δ = -6.3 ± 6.5 mmHg; = 0.003/effect size = 0.77) reduced after BFR, remaining unaltered in HI and CON. HRV indices of sympathetic and vagal modulation did not change in all groups ( ≥ 0.07 for all comparisons). 12-wk RT with low intensity and relatively soft BFR substantially reduced BP at rest in older adults . traditional RT performed with either low or high intensity. Those reductions were not parallel to changes in autonomic modulation.
血流限制（BFR）下的阻力训练（RT）似乎能加速老年人群的肌肉肥大和力量增长。然而，BFR下的RT对老年人血压（BP）和心脏自主神经调节的训练相关影响仍不清楚。本研究的目的是比较在老年成年人中，采用软BFR进行的低强度RT（BFR）、无BFR的高强度（HI）和低强度RT（CON）对BP和心率变异性（HRV）指标的长期影响。32名身体不活跃的参与者（72±7岁）进行上肢和下肢的RT（每次50分钟，每周3次），为期12周，被分为三组：a）BFR组；1次重复最大值（RM）的30%，BFR对应动脉闭塞压的50%；b）HI组；无BFR的1RM的70%；c）CON组；无BFR的1RM的30%。在运动干预前后，于仰卧位静息状态下评估静息BP和HRV。BFR后收缩压（Δ=-7.9±8.0 mmHg；P=0.002；效应大小=0.62）、舒张压（Δ=-5.0±6.0 mmHg；P=0.007；效应大小=0.67）和平均动脉压（Δ=-6.3±6.5 mmHg；P=0.003/效应大小=0.77）降低，HI组和CON组无变化。所有组交感神经和迷走神经调节的HRV指标均未改变（所有比较P≥0.07）。低强度和相对软BFR的12周RT显著降低了老年人静息时的BP，与传统的低强度或高强度RT相当。这些降低与自主神经调节的变化不平行。
