利益相关者对健康环境中与知识转化相关的属性和特征的观点：一项多国分析。
Stakeholder Perspectives of Attributes and Features of Context Relevant to Knowledge Translation in Health Settings: A Multi-Country Analysis.
机构信息
Department of Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
出版信息
Int J Health Policy Manag. 2022 Aug 1;11(8):1373-1390. doi: 10.34172/ijhpm.2021.32. Epub 2021 May 1.
BACKGROUND
Context is recognized as important to successful knowledge translation (KT) in health settings. What is meant by context, however, is poorly understood. The purpose of the current study was to elicit tacit knowledge about what is perceived to constitute context by conducting interviews with a variety of health system stakeholders internationally so as to compile a comprehensive list of contextual attributes and their features relevant to KT in healthcare.
METHODS
A descriptive qualitative study design was used. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with health system stakeholders (change agents/KT specialists and KT researchers) in four countries: Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Interview transcripts were analyzed using inductive thematic content analysis in four steps: (1) selection of utterances describing context, (2) coding of features of context, (3) categorizing of features into attributes of context, (4) comparison of attributes and features by: country, KT experience, and role.
RESULTS
A total of 39 interviews were conducted. We identified 66 unique features of context, categorized into 16 attributes. One attribute, Facility Characteristics, was not represented in previously published KT frameworks. We found instances of all 16 attributes in the interviews irrespective of country, level of experience with KT, and primary role (change agent/KT specialist vs. KT researcher), revealing robustness and transferability of the attributes identified. We also identified 30 new context features (across 13 of the 16 attributes).
CONCLUSION
The findings from this study represent an important advancement in the KT field; we provide much needed conceptual clarity in context, which is essential to the development of common assessment tools to measure context to determine which context attributes and features are more or less important in different contexts for improving KT success.
背景
背景被认为是健康领域知识转化（KT）成功的关键因素。然而，对背景的含义理解并不透彻。本研究的目的是通过对国际上各种卫生系统利益相关者进行访谈，引出对构成背景的隐性知识的理解，从而编制一份与医疗保健中的 KT 相关的全面的背景属性及其特征清单。
方法
本研究采用描述性定性研究设计。在四个国家（澳大利亚、加拿大、英国和美国）对卫生系统利益相关者（变革推动者/知识转化专家和知识转化研究人员）进行了半结构化访谈。采用四个步骤对访谈记录进行归纳主题内容分析：（1）选择描述背景的话语；（2）对背景特征进行编码；（3）将特征分类为背景属性；（4）通过：国家、KT 经验和角色，对属性和特征进行比较。
结果
共进行了 39 次访谈。我们确定了 66 个独特的背景特征，分为 16 个属性。一个属性“设施特征”在之前发表的 KT 框架中没有体现。无论国家、KT 经验水平和主要角色（变革推动者/知识转化专家与知识转化研究人员）如何，我们在访谈中都发现了所有 16 个属性的实例，这表明所确定的属性具有稳健性和可转移性。我们还发现了 30 个新的背景特征（涉及 16 个属性中的 13 个）。
结论
本研究的结果是 KT 领域的重要进展；我们为背景提供了急需的概念性理解，这对于开发共同的评估工具来衡量背景至关重要，以确定在不同背景下哪些背景属性和特征对于提高 KT 成功更为重要。
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