The School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 May 1;18(9):4851. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18094851.
Food insecurity is an important contributor to health and a factor in both underweight and malnutrition, and overweight and obesity. Countries where both undernutrition and overweight and obesity coexist are said to be experiencing a double burden of malnutrition. India is one example of a country experiencing this double burden. Women have been found to experience the negative impacts of food insecurity and obesity, however, the reasons that women experience the impact of malnutrition more so than men are complex and are under-researched. This current research employed a mixed methods approach to begin to fill this gap by exploring the dietary intake, anthropometric characteristics, and food security status of rural Indian women. In total, 78 household were surveyed. The average waist measurement, waist to hip ratio, and BMI were all above WHO recommendations, with two thirds of participants categorized as obese. Contributing to these findings was a very limited diet, high in energy, and low in protein and iron. The findings of this research suggest that the rural Indian women in this study have a lack of diet diversity and may be at risk of a range of non-communicable diseases.
食物不安全是影响健康的一个重要因素，也是导致体重过轻和营养不足、超重和肥胖的一个因素。存在营养不足和超重及肥胖并存问题的国家被称为面临双重营养负担。印度就是一个面临这种双重负担的国家的例子。妇女发现自己受到食物不安全和肥胖的负面影响，然而，妇女比男子更多地受到营养不良影响的原因很复杂，研究还不够充分。本项当前研究采用混合方法，通过探索农村印度妇女的饮食摄入、人体测量特征和粮食安全状况，开始填补这一空白。共有 78 户家庭接受了调查。平均腰围、腰臀比和 BMI 均高于世卫组织建议，三分之二的参与者被归类为肥胖。造成这些结果的原因是饮食非常有限，能量高，蛋白质和铁含量低。这项研究的结果表明，参与这项研究的农村印度妇女饮食多样性不足，可能面临一系列非传染性疾病的风险。
