Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples Medical School, 80131 Naples, Italy.
Department of Translational Medical Science, Federico II University of Naples Medical School, 80131 Naples, Italy.
Nutrients. 2021 May 1;13(5):1529. doi: 10.3390/nu13051529.
Monitoring the population iodine status is essential for iodine deficiency eradication. This study assessed the average dietary iodine intake and the iodine status of a random sample of the Italian general adult population. The study population included 2378 adults aged 35-79 years (1229 men and 1149 women) from all 20 Italian regions, participating in the Osservatorio Epidemiologico Cardiovascolare/Health Examination Survey 2008-2012 (OEC/HES), and were examined for iodine intake in the framework of the MINISAL-GIRCSI Programme. Dietary iodine intake was assessed by the measurement of 24 h urinary iodine excretion. The median daily iodine intake of the whole population was lower (96 µg/d, interquartile range 51-165) than the daily adequate iodine intake according to both EFSA and WHO recommendation (150 µg/d), with a significantly lower value among women (85 µg/d) compared with men (111 µg/d). Iodine intake diminished with age and increased with BMI (body mass index) in male but not in female participants, without achieving the adequate intake in any sex, age, or BMI category. In this random sample of Italian general adult population examined in 2008-2012, iodine intake still remained lower than the recommended values despite the implementation of a strategy of iodoprophylaxis based on salt iodization in 2005. These data represent a valuable reference for future monitoring of iodine status in our country.
监测人群碘营养状况对于消除碘缺乏至关重要。本研究评估了意大利普通成年人群随机样本的平均膳食碘摄入量和碘营养状况。该研究人群包括来自意大利所有 20 个地区的 2378 名年龄在 35-79 岁的成年人（1229 名男性和 1149 名女性），他们参加了 2008-2012 年的心血管病观察站/健康体检调查（Osservatorio Epidemiologico Cardiovascolare/Health Examination Survey 2008-2012，OEC/HES），并在 MINISAL-GIRCSI 项目框架内进行了碘摄入量检查。膳食碘摄入量通过 24 小时尿碘排泄量测量来评估。整个人群的中位数日碘摄入量（96 µg/d，四分位间距 51-165）低于 EFSA 和世卫组织推荐的日适宜碘摄入量（150 µg/d），女性（85 µg/d）显著低于男性（111 µg/d）。碘摄入量随年龄增长而减少，随 BMI（体重指数）增加而增加，但在男性参与者中而非女性参与者中，达到适宜摄入量的情况并没有发生，在任何性别、年龄或 BMI 类别中都没有达到适宜摄入量。在 2008-2012 年检查的意大利普通成年人群随机样本中，尽管 2005 年实施了基于盐碘化的碘营养补充策略，但碘摄入量仍低于推荐值。这些数据为未来监测我国的碘营养状况提供了有价值的参考。
