Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
Viruses. 2021 May 21;13(6):957. doi: 10.3390/v13060957.
Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) predominantly have a respiratory tract infection with various symptoms and high mortality is associated with respiratory failure second to severe disease. The risk factors leading to severe disease remain unclear. Here, we reanalyzed a published single-cell RNA-Seq (scRNA-Seq) dataset and found that bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of patients with severe disease compared to those with mild disease contained decreased TH17-type cells, decreased IFNA1-expressing cells with lower expression of toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) and TLR8, increased IgA-expressing B cells, and increased hyperactive epithelial cells (and/or macrophages) expressing matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), which may together contribute to the pulmonary pathology in severe COVID-19. We propose IFN-I (and TLR7/TLR8) and PAI-1 as potential biomarkers to predict the susceptibility to severe COVID-19.
新型冠状病毒病 2019（COVID-19）患者主要患有呼吸道感染，具有多种症状，死亡率高与继发于严重疾病的呼吸衰竭有关。导致严重疾病的危险因素仍不清楚。在这里，我们重新分析了一个已发表的单细胞 RNA 测序（scRNA-Seq）数据集，发现与轻症患者相比，重症患者的支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）中 TH17 型细胞减少，IFNA1 表达细胞减少，这些细胞表达的 Toll 样受体 7（TLR7）和 TLR8 水平较低，IgA 表达 B 细胞增加，高活性上皮细胞（和/或巨噬细胞）表达基质金属蛋白酶（MMPs）、透明质酸合酶 2（HAS2）和纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1（PAI-1）增加，这些可能共同导致严重 COVID-19 的肺部病理学。我们提出 IFN-I（和 TLR7/TLR8）和 PAI-1 作为预测严重 COVID-19 易感性的潜在生物标志物。
