Eskov Alen K, Zverev Alexei O, Abakumov Evgeny V
Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
Tzitzin Main Botanical Garden, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Botanicheskaya ul., 117628 Moscow, Russia.
Microorganisms. 2021 May 11;9(5):1033. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9051033.
Microbial biodiversity parameters for tropical rainforests remain poorly understood. Whilst the soil microbiome accounts up to 95% of the total diversity of microorganisms in terrestrial ecosystems, the microbiome of suspended soils formed by vascular epiphytes remains completely unexplored. Samples of ground and suspended soils were collected in Cat Tien National Park, southern Vietnam. DNA extraction and sequencing were performed, and libraries of 16s rDNA gene sequences were analyzed. Alpha diversity indices of the microorganisms were the highest in the forest ground soil. In general, the microbiological diversity of all the soil types was found to be similar at the phylum level. Taxonomic composition of the bacterial communities in the suspended soils of plants from the same species are not closer than the taxonomic compositions of the communities in the suspended soils of different plant species. However, the beta diversity analysis revealed significant differences in the movement of mineral elements in terrestrial versus suspended soils. Our data showed that the suspended soils associated with vascular epiphytes were a depository of unique microbiological biodiversity. A contributing factor was the presence of large amounts of organic matter in the suspended soils-deposits collected by the epiphytes-which would have been degraded by termites if it had reached the ground. Further, the nutrient content of the suspended soils was prime for soil respiration activity and taxonomic microbial community biodiversity.
热带雨林的微生物多样性参数仍未得到充分了解。虽然土壤微生物群占陆地生态系统中微生物总多样性的95%，但维管附生植物形成的悬浮土壤微生物群仍完全未被探索。在越南南部的吉仙国家公园采集了地面土壤和悬浮土壤样本。进行了DNA提取和测序，并分析了16s rDNA基因序列文库。微生物的α多样性指数在森林地面土壤中最高。总体而言，在门水平上发现所有土壤类型的微生物多样性相似。来自同一物种植物的悬浮土壤中细菌群落的分类组成并不比不同植物物种悬浮土壤中群落的分类组成更接近。然而，β多样性分析揭示了陆地土壤和悬浮土壤中矿质元素移动的显著差异。我们的数据表明，与维管附生植物相关的悬浮土壤是独特微生物多样性的储存库。一个促成因素是悬浮土壤沉积物中存在大量有机物，这些有机物是附生植物收集的，如果到达地面会被白蚁降解。此外，悬浮土壤的养分含量有利于土壤呼吸活动和分类微生物群落生物多样性。
