Băicuș Anda, Cherciu Carmen Maria, Lazăr Mihaela
Department of Microbiology III-Emergency University Hospital Bucharest, Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050098 Bucharest, Romania.
Departament of Viral Infections, "Cantacuzino" Medico Military National Institute of Research and Development, 050096 Bucharest, Romania.
Viruses. 2021 May 6;13(5):844. doi: 10.3390/v13050844.
Due to the outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), combined with the risk of polio importation from Ukraine, we evaluated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 and enteroviruses in 25 sewage water samples from Romania, concentrated using the WHO method between January 2020 and January 2021. Surveillance for enteroviruses and SARS-CoV-2 are relevant in the calculation of prevalence estimates as well as early detection of the introduction or disappearance of these viruses. For SARS-CoV-2 detection, we used two immunochromatographic nucleocapsid antigenic tests as well as real-time PCR assays, produced for respiratory samples. The isolation of cell culture lines, in accordance with the WHO recommendations, was carried out for enterovirus detection. Twenty-three of the samples investigated were positive in rapid tests for SARS-CoV-2, while the RNA of SARS-CoV-2, detected with Respiratory 2.1 plus a panel Biofire Film array, was present in eight samples. The Allplex 2019-nCoV assay was used for the validation of the tests. There were three genes detected in one sample, E, RdPR, and N, two genes, E and RdPR, in one sample, two genes, RdPR and N, in four samples, one gene, RdPR, in five samples and one gene, N, in one sample. Eight samples were positive for non-polio enteroviruses, and no poliovirus strains were isolated. This study suggests the presence of SARS-CoV-2 and enteroviruses in Romanian sewage water in 2020. As such, our results indicate that a rapid, more specific test should be developed especially for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in sewage water.
由于严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的爆发，再加上存在从乌克兰输入脊髓灰质炎的风险，我们评估了2020年1月至2021年1月期间罗马尼亚25份污水样本中SARS-CoV-2和肠道病毒的存在情况，这些样本采用世界卫生组织的方法进行浓缩。对肠道病毒和SARS-CoV-2的监测对于计算患病率估计值以及早期发现这些病毒的传入或消失具有重要意义。对于SARS-CoV-2的检测，我们使用了两种免疫层析核衣壳抗原检测方法以及针对呼吸道样本的实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测方法。根据世界卫生组织的建议，进行细胞系分离以检测肠道病毒。在所调查的样本中，有23份在SARS-CoV-2快速检测中呈阳性，而通过Respiratory 2.1加上Biofire Film Array检测板检测到的SARS-CoV-2 RNA存在于8份样本中。使用Allplex 2019-nCoV检测方法对检测进行验证。在一个样本中检测到三个基因，E、RdPR和N；在一个样本中检测到两个基因，E和RdPR；在四个样本中检测到两个基因，RdPR和N；在五个样本中检测到一个基因，RdPR；在一个样本中检测到一个基因，N。8份样本中非脊髓灰质炎肠道病毒呈阳性，未分离到脊髓灰质炎病毒株。这项研究表明2020年罗马尼亚污水中存在SARS-CoV-2和肠道病毒。因此，我们的结果表明，应开发一种快速、更具特异性的检测方法，特别是用于检测污水中的SARS-CoV-2。
