Bono Suzanna Awang, Faria de Moura Villela Edlaine, Siau Ching Sin, Chen Won Sun, Pengpid Supa, Hasan M Tasdik, Sessou Philippe, Ditekemena John D, Amodan Bob Omoda, Hosseinipour Mina C, Dolo Housseini, Siewe Fodjo Joseph Nelson, Low Wah Yun, Colebunders Robert
School of Social Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor 11800, Malaysia.
Disease Control Coordination, São Paulo State Health Department, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil.
Vaccines (Basel). 2021 May 17;9(5):515. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9050515.
Vaccination is fast becoming a key intervention against the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted cross-sectional online surveys to investigate COVID-19 vaccine acceptance across nine Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs; = 10,183), assuming vaccine effectiveness at 90% and 95%. The prevalence of vaccine acceptance increased from 76.4% (90% effectiveness) to 88.8% (95% effectiveness). Considering a 90% effective vaccine, Malaysia, Thailand, Bangladesh, and five African countries (Democratic Republic of Congo, Benin, Uganda, Malawi, and Mali) had lower acceptance odds compared to Brazil. Individuals who perceived taking the vaccine as important to protect themselves had the highest acceptance odds (aOR 2.49) at 95% effectiveness.Vaccine acceptance was also positively associated with COVID-19 knowledge, worry/fear regarding COVID-19, higher income, younger age, and testing negative for COVID-19. However, chronic disease and female gender reduced the odds for vaccine acceptance. The main reasons underpinning vaccine refusal were fear of side effects (41.2%) and lack of confidence in vaccine effectiveness (15.1%). Further research is needed to identify country-specific reasons for vaccine hesitancy in order to develop mitigation strategies that would ensure high and equitable vaccination coverage across LMICs.
疫苗接种正迅速成为应对当前新冠疫情的一项关键干预措施。我们开展了横断面在线调查，以调查九个低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs；n = 10183）对新冠疫苗的接受情况，假设疫苗有效性为90%和95%。疫苗接受率从76.4%（有效性90%）增至88.8%（有效性95%）。考虑到有效性为90%的疫苗，马来西亚、泰国、孟加拉国以及五个非洲国家（刚果民主共和国、贝宁、乌干达、马拉维和马里）与巴西相比接受几率较低。认为接种疫苗对保护自身很重要的个体在有效性为95%时接受几率最高（调整后比值比为2.49）。疫苗接受情况还与新冠知识、对新冠的担忧/恐惧、较高收入、较年轻年龄以及新冠检测呈阴性呈正相关。然而，慢性病和女性性别降低了疫苗接受几率。拒绝接种疫苗的主要原因是担心副作用（41.2%）和对疫苗有效性缺乏信心（15.1%）。需要进一步开展研究，以确定各国疫苗犹豫的具体原因，从而制定缓解策略，确保低收入和中等收入国家实现高覆盖率且公平的疫苗接种。
