Lim Kean Long, Wong Chun Yik, Wong Wai Yin, Loh Kee Shyuan, Selambakkannu Sarala, Othman Nor Azillah Fatimah, Yang Hsiharng
Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia.
Radiation Processing Technology Division, Malaysia Nuclear Agency, Kajang 43000, Malaysia.
Membranes (Basel). 2021 May 27;11(6):397. doi: 10.3390/membranes11060397.
This review discusses the roles of anion exchange membrane (AEM) as a solid-state electrolyte in fuel cell and electrolyzer applications. It highlights the advancement of existing fabrication methods and emphasizes the importance of radiation grafting methods in improving the properties of AEM. The development of AEM has been focused on the improvement of its physicochemical properties, including ionic conductivity, ion exchange capacity, water uptake, swelling ratio, etc., and its thermo-mechano-chemical stability in high-pH and high-temperature conditions. Generally, the AEM radiation grafting processes are considered green synthesis because they are usually performed at room temperature and practically eliminated the use of catalysts and toxic solvents, yet the final products are homogeneous and high quality. The radiation grafting technique is capable of modifying the hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains to control the ionic properties of membrane as well as its water uptake and swelling ratio without scarifying its mechanical properties. Researchers also showed that the chemical stability of AEMs can be improved by grafting spacers onto base polymers. The effects of irradiation dose and dose rate on the performance of AEM were discussed. The long-term stability of membrane in alkaline solutions remains the main challenge to commercial use.
本综述讨论了阴离子交换膜（AEM）作为燃料电池和电解槽应用中的固态电解质的作用。它突出了现有制备方法的进展，并强调了辐射接枝方法在改善AEM性能方面的重要性。AEM的发展一直集中在改善其物理化学性质，包括离子电导率、离子交换容量、吸水率、溶胀率等，以及其在高pH和高温条件下的热机械化学稳定性。一般来说，AEM辐射接枝过程被认为是绿色合成，因为它们通常在室温下进行，几乎消除了催化剂和有毒溶剂的使用，然而最终产品是均匀且高质量的。辐射接枝技术能够修饰亲水性和疏水性区域，以控制膜的离子性质以及其吸水率和溶胀率，而不会损害其机械性能。研究人员还表明，通过将间隔物接枝到基础聚合物上可以提高AEM的化学稳定性。讨论了辐照剂量和剂量率对AEM性能的影响。膜在碱性溶液中的长期稳定性仍然是商业应用的主要挑战。
