Universidade Estadual de Goiás - UEG, Laboratório de Micologia Básica, Aplicada e Divulgação Científica - FungiLab, Campus Central, Anápolis, GO, Brasil.
Universidade Estadual de Goiás - UEG, Programa de Pós-graduação em Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Campus Central, Anápolis, GO, Brasil.
Braz J Biol. 2021 May 28;82:e236219. doi: 10.1590/1519-6984.236219. eCollection 2021.
Fungi are important in several aspects of human life. In particular, to agriculture, pathogenic fungi are of great importance, as they are responsible for production losses of the most diverse types. Because of this, knowledge about pathogenic fungus is of extreme importance for farmers and professionals working in agricultural areas. Among farmers who use specific agroecological practices, this knowledge is even more valuable, since by not adopting conventional methods of production, they resort to non-invasive alternatives that are less or not harmful at all to the environment in consideration of production management methods. This study aimed to assess farmer perception in the Cerrado biome in the city of Goiás (GO), Brazil, in order to understand their ethnomycological perceptions to verify historical management practices, their knowledge about phytopathogenic fungi, and how these producers perceive fungi. We used the theoretical reference method "From peasant to peasant" formulated by ANPA - National Association of Small Farmers. Some aspects of farmers' ethnomycological knowledge are discussed. These ease identification the representatives of the Fungi Kingdom is associated with organisms that present easily recognizable characteristics, such as wood-ears or disease-causing fungi. In general, farmers are able to identify representatives of the Fungi Kingdom that are found in their daily lives. The perception of farmers about fungi, a group still much unknown by society, is very relevant for future actions of ethnomycology.
真菌在人类生活的几个方面都很重要。特别是，对农业来说，病原真菌非常重要，因为它们是造成各种类型生产损失的罪魁祸首。正因为如此，了解病原真菌对农民和农业领域的专业人员至关重要。在使用特定农业生态实践的农民中，这种知识更有价值，因为他们不采用传统的生产方法，而是采用对环境的侵入性更小或根本没有危害的非侵入性替代方法，同时考虑到生产管理方法。本研究旨在评估巴西戈亚斯州（GO）塞拉多生物群落中农民的认知，以了解他们的民族真菌学认知，以验证历史管理实践、他们对植物病原真菌的了解，以及这些生产者如何看待真菌。我们使用了由全国小农协会（ANPA）制定的理论参考方法“从农民到农民”。讨论了农民民族真菌学知识的一些方面。这些容易识别真菌王国的代表与具有易于识别特征的生物体有关，例如木耳或致病真菌。总的来说，农民能够识别出他们日常生活中发现的真菌王国的代表。农民对真菌的认知，一个仍然为社会所不了解的群体，对于民族真菌学的未来行动非常重要。
