Grupo de Investigación en Salud, Actividad Física y Deporte ISAFYD, Escuela de Educación Física, Universidad de Las Américas, sede Viña del Mar, Chile.
PLoS One. 2021 Jun 2;16(6):e0251516. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251516. eCollection 2021.
The effects of a period without physical training on the civilian population are well established. However, no studies show the effects of a period without mandatory physical training on maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max) and anthropometric parameters in naval cadets. This study aimed to investigate changes in VO2 max and anthropometric parameters after 12 weeks without mandatory physical training in naval cadets. The sample was 38 healthy and physically active naval cadets. The measured variables, including VO2 max and anthropometric parameters, were evaluated through the 12-minute race test (12MRT) and the somatotype. Both variables had a separation of 12 weeks without mandatory physical training. A t-test for related samples was used to evidence changes between the test and post-test; effect size was calculated through Cohen's d-test. Distance in 12MRT and VO2 max showed significant decreases at the end of 12 weeks without mandatory physical training (p < 0.001). Likewise, the tricipital skinfold thickness and the endomorphic component showed significant increases (p < 0.05). 12 weeks without mandatory physical training significantly reduces the VO2 max in naval cadets. Simultaneously, the same period without physical training increases both the tricipital skinfold thickness and the endomorphic component in this population.
未经体育训练对平民人群的影响已得到充分证实。然而，尚无研究表明在海军学员中，未经强制性体能训练对最大摄氧量（VO2 max）和人体测量参数的影响。本研究旨在调查 12 周强制性体能训练后，海军学员的 VO2 max 和人体测量参数的变化。样本为 38 名健康且活跃的海军学员。通过 12 分钟跑步测试（12MRT）和体型评估来测量变量，包括 VO2 max 和人体测量参数。两个变量均经过 12 周无强制性体能训练的分离。采用相关样本 t 检验来证明测试前后的变化；通过 Cohen's d 检验计算效应大小。在 12 周无强制性体能训练结束时，12MRT 和 VO2 max 的距离均显著下降（p<0.001）。同样，三头肌皮褶厚度和内胚层成分也显著增加（p<0.05）。12 周无强制性体能训练显著降低了海军学员的 VO2 max。同时，在这段时间内，无身体训练也增加了该人群的三头肌皮褶厚度和内胚层成分。
