Guo Xiao-Yi, Chang Yunjung, Kim Yehee, Rhee Hak Young, Cho Ah Rang, Park Soonchan, Ryu Chang-Woo, San Lee Jin, Lee Kyung Mi, Shin Wonchul, Park Key-Chung, Kim Eui Jong, Jahng Geon-Ho
Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Undergraduate School, College of Electronics and Information, Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
Quant Imaging Med Surg. 2021 Jun;11(6):2224-2244. doi: 10.21037/qims-20-710.
Patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) have high variability in brain tissue loss, making it difficult to use a disease-specific standard brain template. The objective of this study was to develop an AD-specific three-dimensional (3D) T1 brain tissue template and to evaluate the characteristics of the populations used to form the template.
We obtained 3D T1-weighted images from 294 individuals, including 101 AD, 96 amnestic MCI, and 97 cognitively normal (CN) elderly individuals, and segmented them into different brain tissues to generate AD-specific brain tissue templates. Demographic data and clinical outcome scores were compared between the three groups. Voxel-based analyses and regions-of-interest-based analyses were performed to compare gray matter volume (GMV) and white matter volume (WMV) between the three participant groups and to evaluate the relationship of GMV and WMV loss with age, years of education, and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores.
We created high-resolution AD-specific tissue probability maps (TPMs). In the AD and MCI groups, losses of both GMV and WMV were found with respect to the CN group in the hippocampus (F >44.60, P<0.001). GMV was lower with increasing age in all individuals in the left (r=-0.621, P<0.001) and right (r=-0.632, P<0.001) hippocampi. In the left hippocampus, GMV was positively correlated with years of education in the CN groups (r=0.345, P<0.001) but not in the MCI (r=0.223, P=0.0293) or AD (r=-0.021, P=0.835) groups. WMV of the corpus callosum was not significantly correlated with years of education in any of the three subject groups (r=0.035 and P=0.549 for left, r=0.013 and P=0.821 for right). In all individuals, GMV of the hippocampus was significantly correlated with MMSE scores (left, r=0.710 and P<0.001; right, r=0.680 and P<0.001), while WMV of the corpus callosum showed a weak correlation (left, r=0.142 and P=0.015; right, r=0.123 and P=0.035).
A 3D, T1 brain tissue template was created using imaging data from CN, MCI, and AD participants considering the participants' age, sex, and years of education. Our disease-specific template can help evaluate brains to promote early diagnosis of MCI individuals and aid treatment of MCI and AD individuals.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）和轻度认知障碍（MCI）患者的脑组织损失存在高度变异性，这使得使用疾病特异性的标准脑模板变得困难。本研究的目的是开发一种AD特异性的三维（3D）T1脑组织模板，并评估用于构建该模板的人群特征。
我们获取了294名个体的3D T1加权图像，其中包括101名AD患者、96名遗忘型MCI患者和97名认知正常（CN）的老年人，并将其分割为不同的脑组织以生成AD特异性脑组织模板。比较了三组之间的人口统计学数据和临床结局评分。进行了基于体素的分析和基于感兴趣区域的分析，以比较三组参与者之间的灰质体积（GMV）和白质体积（WMV），并评估GMV和WMV损失与年龄、受教育年限和简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）评分之间的关系。
我们创建了高分辨率的AD特异性组织概率图（TPM）。在AD和MCI组中，相对于CN组，海马体中的GMV和WMV均出现损失（F>44.60，P<0.001）。在所有个体中，左侧（r=-0.621，P<0.001）和右侧（r=-0.632，P<0.001）海马体的GMV随年龄增长而降低。在左侧海马体中，GMV与CN组的受教育年限呈正相关（r=0.345，P<0.001），但在MCI组（r=0.223，P=0.0293）或AD组（r=-0.021，P=0.835）中则不然。在三个受试者组中的任何一组中，胼胝体的WMV与受教育年限均无显著相关性（左侧r=0.035，P=0.549；右侧r=0.013，P=0.821）。在所有个体中，海马体的GMV与MMSE评分显著相关（左侧，r=0.710，P<0.001；右侧，r=0.680，P<0.001），而胼胝体的WMV相关性较弱（左侧，r=0.142，P=0.015；右侧，r=0.123，P=0.035）。
利用CN、MCI和AD参与者的成像数据，综合考虑参与者的年龄、性别和受教育年限，创建了一个3D T1脑组织模板。我们的疾病特异性模板有助于评估大脑，以促进MCI个体的早期诊断，并辅助MCI和AD个体的治疗。
