Redjala Ouzna, Sari-Ahmed Mahfoud, Cherifi Mehdi, Smati Leila, Benhassine Fadila, Baghriche Mourad, Chibane Ahcene, Lopez-Sublet Marilucy, Monsuez Jean-Jacques, Benkhedda Salim
COCRG, Cardiology Oncology Research Collaborative Group (CORCG), Faculty of Medicine BENYOUCEF BENKHEDDA University Algiers.
Department of Pediatrics, CHU Bainem Algiers.
Am J Cardiovasc Dis. 2021 Apr 15;11(2):222-230. eCollection 2021.
To assess factors associated with prehypertension and hypertension among children in North Africa.
An epidemiological observational, school- and college-based study among 3562 healthy children and adolescents to assess factors associated with blood pressure categories (normal, prehypertensive, hypertensive), including perinatal (gestational age, birth weight, breastfeeding) and current lifestyle characteristics (body mass index, time spent watching a screen and time spent exercising).
Prevalence of hypertension increased with age from 8.7% between 6-10 years to 14.7% between 11-15 years, and 15.6% above 15 years. Prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension increased with body mass index from 9.9% and 11.5% among children not overweight to 15.6% (RR 1.58, 95% CI 1.24-2.02, P<0.001) and 17.2% (RR 1.50, 95% CI 1.22-1.85, P<0.001) among those overweight and to 26.8% (RR 2.72, 95% CI 2.04-3.64, P<0.01) and 32.3% (RR 2.82, 95% CI 2.27-3.50, P<0.01) among obese children. There was a trend of association of prehypertension with the time spent watching Television, internet and electronic games. Children whose mother or father had a history of hypertension had a trend to be prehypertensive or hypertensive. A parental hypertension was found in 33.6% of normotensive, 38.2% of prehypertensive, and 42.6% of hypertensive children (P=0.05). Children with prehypertension or hypertension were more likely to have a diabetic father or mother (22.8% and 22.6% vs 15.8%, respectively, P=0.01). Also, prehypertension and hypertension were associated with shorter gestational age, early birth, reduced birth weight, and shorter breastfeeding.
Prehypertension and hypertension have a high prevalence among children in North Africa. They are associated with overweight, obesity, diabetes, a shorter gestational age, a lower birth weight and a shorter breastfeeding.
评估北非儿童中与高血压前期和高血压相关的因素。
一项基于学校和大学的流行病学观察性研究，纳入3562名健康儿童和青少年，以评估与血压类别（正常、高血压前期、高血压）相关的因素，包括围产期因素（胎龄、出生体重、母乳喂养）和当前生活方式特征（体重指数、看屏幕时间和锻炼时间）。
高血压患病率随年龄增长而增加，从6至10岁的8.7%增至11至15岁的14.7%，15岁以上为15.6%。高血压前期和高血压的患病率随体重指数增加而上升，体重正常儿童中分别为9.9%和11.5%，超重儿童中为15.6%（相对危险度1.58，95%可信区间1.24 - 2.02，P < 0.001）和17.2%（相对危险度1.50，95%可信区间1.22 - 1.85，P < 0.001），肥胖儿童中为26.8%（相对危险度2.72，95%可信区间2.04 - 3.64，P < 0.01）和32.3%（相对危险度2.82，95%可信区间2.27 - 3.50，P < 0.01）。高血压前期与看电视、上网和玩电子游戏的时间存在关联趋势。父母有高血压病史的儿童有患高血压前期或高血压的趋势。在血压正常儿童中，33.6%的儿童父母有高血压，高血压前期儿童中这一比例为38.2%，高血压儿童中为42.6%（P = 0.05）。患有高血压前期或高血压的儿童更有可能有患糖尿病的父亲或母亲（分别为22.8%和22.6%，而正常血压儿童中为15.8%，P = 0.01）。此外，高血压前期和高血压与较短的胎龄、早产、出生体重降低以及较短的母乳喂养时间相关。
北非儿童中高血压前期和高血压的患病率很高。它们与超重、肥胖、糖尿病以及较短的胎龄、较低的出生体重和较短的母乳喂养时间相关。
