Uys Aletta S, Smith Wayne, Wentzel Annemarie, Mels Catharina Mc, Kruger Ruan
Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
MRC Research Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
J Hum Hypertens. 2025 May 28. doi: 10.1038/s41371-025-01029-1.
In children reduced baroreceptor sensitivity (BRS) has been linked to obesity but not blood pressure (BP). Offspring of hypertensive parents have reduced BRS, with possibly increasing risk for hypertension development and kidney dysfunction. This study aimed to explore the relationships between BRS, kidney function, familial cardiovascular-and lifestyle risk in prepubescent boys with varying BP levels. We included 40 Black and 41 White boys (aged 6-8 years). Anthropometric measurements included calculated body mass index (BMI) and sex-and-age specific BMI z-scores (BMIz). Demographic data was collected with questionnaires and included information on familial cardiovascular-and lifestyle risk. Cardiovascular measures were resting BP and Finometer monitoring for BRS calculation. Kidney function was assessed using urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR). Stratification was based on normal or elevated BP status. The elevated BP group had more Black boys (n = 37; 65.5%; p = 0.003). Notably, BRS (p = 0.56) and uACR (p = 0.92) were comparable between normal and elevated BP groups. In the normal BP group, single, partial and fully adjusted models revealed an inverse association between BRS and uACR (β = -0.38; p = 0.009). In the elevated BP group, BRS associated with familial risk (β = -0.52; p = 0.002), BMIz (β = 0.36; p = 0.020) and Black ethnicity (β = -0.37; p = 0.024), yet no association was evident between BRS and uACR. A cardioprotective relationship exists between BRS and kidney function in boys with normal BP. In boys with elevated BP, a positive familial cardiovascular-and lifestyle risk, adiposity and Black ethnicity seems to contribute to cardiovascular disease risk via a relationship with lower BRS.
在儿童中，压力感受器敏感性（BRS）降低与肥胖有关，但与血压（BP）无关。高血压父母的后代BRS降低，高血压发展和肾功能障碍的风险可能增加。本研究旨在探讨不同血压水平的青春期前男孩中BRS、肾功能、家族心血管和生活方式风险之间的关系。我们纳入了40名黑人男孩和41名白人男孩（年龄6 - 8岁）。人体测量指标包括计算体重指数（BMI）以及性别和年龄特异性BMI z评分（BMIz）。通过问卷调查收集人口统计学数据，包括家族心血管和生活方式风险信息。心血管测量指标为静息血压和用于计算BRS的Finometer监测。使用尿白蛋白与肌酐比值（uACR）评估肾功能。分层基于血压正常或升高状态。血压升高组黑人男孩更多（n = 37；65.5%；p = 0.003）。值得注意的是，血压正常组和升高组之间的BRS（p = 0.56）和uACR（p = 0.92）相当。在血压正常组中，单因素、部分调整和完全调整模型显示BRS与uACR之间存在负相关（β = -0.38；p = 0.009）。在血压升高组中，BRS与家族风险（β = -0.52；p = 0.002）、BMIz（β = 0.36；p = 0.020）和黑人种族（β = -0.37；p = 0.024）相关，但BRS与uACR之间无明显关联。血压正常的男孩中，BRS与肾功能之间存在心脏保护关系。在血压升高的男孩中，家族心血管和生活方式风险高、肥胖以及黑人种族似乎通过与较低的BRS相关而导致心血管疾病风险增加。
