National Institute of Public Health, Abidjan, CI.
Alassane Ouattara University, Bouaké, CI.
Ann Glob Health. 2022 Mar 1;88(1):13. doi: 10.5334/aogh.2769. eCollection 2022.
Hypertension is one of the major factors for high mortality of adults in Africa. However, complications occur at lower values than those previously classified as hypertension. Thus, prehypertension is considered as a new category of hypertension and a major risk factor for developing clinical hypertension relative to those with normotension, it has been linked with increased future risk of hypertension as well as cardiovascular diseases.
The objective of this review was to determine prevalence of prehypertension and describe the associated factors of prehypertension in Africa during the past 10 years.
We did a systematic review using the databases PubMed/Medline, and search engine google scholar. We selected sources of publications and conducted an analysis of articles. Keywords in English were: prehypertension, high normal blood pressure, high blood pressure, elevated blood pressure, Africa. Keywords in french were: préhypertension artérielle, préhypertension, pression artérielle normale haute, pression artérielle normale, Afrique.
Prehypertension, Africa.
Twenty-seven articles were selected. Prevalence of prehypertension ranged from 2.5% to 34% in children and adolescents. In adults, prevalence varied from 32.9% to 56.8%. Several factors were associated with prehypertension in Africa. These factors included: age; sex; lifestyle such as smoking, alcohol consumption, low physical activity, overweight and obesity. There were also cardiometabolic factors and few others factors which were associated with prehypertension.
This review allowed us to observe that the prevalence of prehypertension was variable according to age of the population and prehypertension is associated with several factors.
高血压是非洲成年人死亡率高的主要因素之一。然而，并发症发生在比以前分类为高血压更低的值。因此，高血压前期被认为是高血压的一个新类别，是发展为临床高血压的一个主要危险因素，与血压正常者相比，高血压前期与未来高血压以及心血管疾病的风险增加有关。
本综述的目的是确定过去 10 年非洲高血压前期的患病率，并描述高血压前期的相关因素。
我们使用 PubMed/Medline 数据库和搜索引擎谷歌学术进行了系统综述。我们选择了出版物的来源，并对文章进行了分析。英文关键词是：高血压前期、高正常血压、高血压、血压升高、非洲。法文关键词是：préhypertension artérielle、préhypertension、pression artérielle normale haute、pression artérielle normale、Afrique。
MESH 术语：高血压前期、非洲。
共选择了 27 篇文章。儿童和青少年高血压前期的患病率为 2.5%至 34%。在成年人中，高血压前期的患病率从 32.9%到 56.8%不等。在非洲，有几个因素与高血压前期有关。这些因素包括：年龄；性别；生活方式，如吸烟、饮酒、低体力活动、超重和肥胖。还有心血管代谢因素和其他一些与高血压前期有关的因素。
本综述使我们能够观察到，高血压前期的患病率根据人群的年龄而不同，高血压前期与多种因素有关。
