University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Poult Sci. 2021 Jul;100(7):101146. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101146. Epub 2021 Mar 21.
Six precision-fed rooster assays were conducted to determine nutrient composition, nitrogen-corrected true metabolizable energy (TME) and standardized amino acid digestibility for three black soldier fly larvae meals (BSFL), one partially-defatted BSFL, one cricket meal and two mealworm meals. The TME values were determined in three 48-h rooster assays using conventional roosters and the standardized amino acid digestibility values were determined in three 48-h rooster assays using cecectomized roosters. Nutrient analysis (DM basis) of the meals indicated that the CP varied from 45 to 58% among the four BSFL, was 67% for the cricket meal and varied from 51 to 56% for the two mealworms. Crude fat (12-30%), total P (0.7-1.1%), Ca (0.04-3.6%), and neutral detergent fiber (10-36%) also varied among the insect meals. The TME values for the three BSFL were generally consistent and averaged 4079 kcal/kg DM. As expected, partially-defatted BSFL contained a lower level of TME. The TMEn of the cricket meal was 4223 kcal/kg DM. Due to their low fiber content and high fat content, the TME values for the two mealworms were high and in excess of 5000 kcal/kg DM. Amino acid concentrations of the various insect meals ranged from 0.69 to 1.1% for methionine, 0.57 to 0.73% for cystine, 3.3 to 4.5% for lysine, and 1.9 to 2.6% for threonine. Standardized amino acid digestibility values were generally high (most were 85-95%) for the four BSFL and two mealworms. Digestibility values for most amino acids were slightly lower for the cricket meal. Digestibility of cystine and valine were generally lower and more variable than other amino acids in the seven insect meals. The results of this study indicated that nutrient composition varies substantially among different insect meals, but all insect meals contained high levels of TME and digestible amino acids compared with feed ingredients commonly used in poultry diets.
进行了六次精确喂养公鸡试验，以确定三种黑水虻幼虫饲料（BSFL）、一种部分脱脂 BSFL、一种蟋蟀饲料和两种黄粉虫饲料的营养成分、氮校正真代谢能（TME）和标准化氨基酸消化率。TME 值是使用常规公鸡在三个 48 小时公鸡试验中确定的，而标准化氨基酸消化率值是使用去盲肠公鸡在三个 48 小时公鸡试验中确定的。饲料的营养分析（DM 基础）表明，四种 BSFL 之间的 CP 含量从 45%到 58%不等，蟋蟀饲料的 CP 含量为 67%，两种黄粉虫的 CP 含量从 51%到 56%不等。粗脂肪（12-30%）、总磷（0.7-1.1%）、钙（0.04-3.6%）和中性洗涤剂纤维（10-36%）也在昆虫饲料之间有所不同。三种 BSFL 的 TME 值通常一致，平均为 4079 千卡/千克 DM。如预期的那样，部分脱脂 BSFL 含有较低水平的 TME。蟋蟀饲料的 TMEn 为 4223 千卡/千克 DM。由于其低纤维含量和高脂肪含量，两种黄粉虫的 TME 值较高，超过 5000 千卡/千克 DM。各种昆虫饲料的氨基酸浓度范围为蛋氨酸 0.69-1.1%、胱氨酸 0.57-0.73%、赖氨酸 3.3-4.5%和苏氨酸 1.9-2.6%。四种 BSFL 和两种黄粉虫的标准化氨基酸消化率通常较高（大多数为 85-95%）。蟋蟀饲料中大多数氨基酸的消化率略低。在七种昆虫饲料中，胱氨酸和缬氨酸的消化率通常较低且变化较大。本研究结果表明，不同昆虫饲料之间的营养成分差异很大，但与家禽饲料中常用的饲料成分相比，所有昆虫饲料都含有高水平的 TME 和可消化氨基酸。
