Department of Psychology and Behavioral Health, Children's National Hospital, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, District of Columbia, 20010, USA.
Center for Autism Spectrum Disorder, Children's National Hospital, 15245 Shady Grove Rd. Suite 350, Rockville, Maryland, 20850, USA.
J Autism Dev Disord. 2022 May;52(5):2274-2283. doi: 10.1007/s10803-021-05118-1. Epub 2021 Jun 4.
Prior research suggests that Black children are at risk for delays in diagnosis of autism, but factors that influence diagnostic timing across races remain unclear. This study analyzed data from Black and White children who received a first-time autism diagnosis at a specialty clinic. Black youth were under-represented in the group who received a first diagnosis in middle/late childhood (i.e., after age six). Receiving a diagnosis later in childhood was related to higher IQ (trend level) and more internalizing problems for White children whereas it was related to lower IQ (trend level) and higher ASD symptom intensity for Black children. Findings suggest racial disparities in early identification of autism may be diminishing but persist among those diagnosed later in childhood..
先前的研究表明，黑人儿童在自闭症的诊断上存在延迟的风险，但影响不同种族儿童诊断时间的因素仍不清楚。本研究分析了在一家专业诊所接受首次自闭症诊断的黑人和白人儿童的数据。在接受首次诊断的儿童中，黑人儿童在中/晚期（即 6 岁以后）儿童群体中代表性不足。对于白人儿童来说，较晚接受诊断与较高的智商（趋势水平）和更多的内化问题有关，而对于黑人儿童来说，较晚接受诊断与较低的智商（趋势水平）和更高的自闭症症状强度有关。研究结果表明，自闭症早期识别方面的种族差异可能正在缩小，但在较晚接受诊断的儿童中仍然存在。
