中东民众接种新冠疫苗的意愿。
Willingness of Middle Eastern public to receive COVID-19 vaccines.
作者信息
Abu-Farha Rana, Mukattash Tareq, Itani Rania, Karout Samar, Khojah Hani M J, Abed Al-Mahmood Asia, Alzoubi Karem H
机构信息
Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, PO. 11931 Amman, Jordan.
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, PO. 22110 Irbid, Jordan.
出版信息
Saudi Pharm J. 2021 Jul;29(7):734-739. doi: 10.1016/j.jsps.2021.05.005. Epub 2021 May 31.
BACKGROUND
COVID-19 is a pacing pandemic that affected health systems, economy, and social life in the whole world. Currently, there is no treatment for it, but the world is in a race that yielded, in a relatively short time than usual, several approved, promising vaccines in the middle of a storm of debates because of the speed of their production and approval.
OBJECTIVE
This study assessed the willingness of Middle Eastern Arab publics to receive COVID-19 vaccines and investigated the factors behind any reluctance to receive them.
METHODS
A self-administered questionnaire was distributed through social media applications in four Arab countries (Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Lebanon, and Iraq). Participants' demographics, medical history, their experience with COVID-19, and their willingness to receive the available vaccines were obtained and analyzed.
RESULTS
A total of 2,925 completed forms were included. Only 25% of the participants were willing to receive a vaccine while 33% were hesitant. Iraqis were the most willing to receive it while Jordanians were the least (35% and 17% of each country, respectively). Interestingly, 60% of the acceptors were ready to pay for the vaccine if not covered by governments. It was also found that American vaccines were preffered by 50% of the acceptors. However, 30% of acceptors were unsure of which vaccine is the best and 11% stated that any vaccine is good. Social media were the major source of information about COVID-19 and its vaccines. Finally, predictors of acceptance of the vaccines included living in Saudi Arabia and Iraq, being unmarried, having monthly income > $1,000, holding a medical degree, having high fear from COVID-19, feeling of being at risk of getting infected with COVID-19, and previous reception of influenza vaccine, whereas predictors of refusal included female sex and previous infection with COVID-19.
CONCLUSION
Middle Eastern Arabs are less likely to accept receiving the COVID-19 vaccines compared with non-Arabs. Health authorities in these countries are advised to intensify their awareness-raising activities about the vaccines while ensuring fair distribution of them.
背景
新冠疫情是一场影响全球卫生系统、经济和社会生活的大流行病。目前，尚无针对该疾病的治疗方法，但全世界都在竞相研发疫苗，在比平常更短的时间内，几款疫苗获得批准，前景看好，然而由于其生产和审批速度之快，引发了激烈的争论。
目的
本研究评估了中东阿拉伯民众接种新冠疫苗的意愿，并调查了他们不愿接种的背后因素。
方法
通过社交媒体应用程序在四个阿拉伯国家（约旦、沙特阿拉伯、黎巴嫩和伊拉克）分发了一份自填式问卷。收集并分析了参与者的人口统计学信息、病史、感染新冠病毒的经历以及接种现有疫苗的意愿。
结果
共纳入2925份完整表格。只有25%的参与者愿意接种疫苗，而33%的人持犹豫态度。伊拉克人最愿意接种，而约旦人最不愿意（分别占各国的35%和17%）。有趣的是，60%愿意接种者表示，如果政府不提供，他们愿意自费接种疫苗。还发现，50%愿意接种者更倾向于美国疫苗。然而，30%的愿意接种者不确定哪种疫苗最好，11%表示任何疫苗都可以。社交媒体是关于新冠疫情及其疫苗的主要信息来源。最后，接种疫苗的预测因素包括居住在沙特阿拉伯和伊拉克、未婚、月收入超过1000美元、拥有医学学位、对新冠病毒高度恐惧、感觉有感染新冠病毒的风险以及之前接种过流感疫苗，而拒绝接种的预测因素包括女性和之前感染过新冠病毒。
结论
与非阿拉伯人相比，中东阿拉伯人接种新冠疫苗的可能性较小。建议这些国家的卫生当局加强关于疫苗的宣传活动，同时确保疫苗的公平分配。
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