López-Pelayo Hugo, Matrai Silvia, Balcells-Olivero Mercè, Campeny Eugènia, Braddick Fleur, Bossong Matthijs G, Cruz Olga S, Deluca Paolo, Dom Geert, Feingold Daniel, Freeman Tom P, Guzman Pablo, Hindocha Chandni, Kelly Brian C, Liebregts Nienke, Lorenzetti Valentina, Manthey Jakob, Matias João, Oliveras Clara, Pons Maria Teresa, Rehm Jürgen, Rosenkranz Moritz, Swithenbank Zoe, van Deurse Luc, Vicente Julian, Vuolo Mike, Wojnar Marcin, Gual Antoni
Institut Clínic de Neurociències, Psychiatry and Psychology Service, Grup Recerca Addiccions Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Front Psychiatry. 2021 May 20;12:675033. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.675033. eCollection 2021.
The standardization of cannabis doses is a priority for research, policy-making, clinical and harm-reduction interventions and consumer security. Scientists have called for standard units of dosing for cannabis, similar to those used for alcohol. A Standard Joint Unit (SJU) would facilitate preventive and intervention models in ways similar to the Standard Drink (SD). Learning from the SD experiences allows researchers to tackle emerging barriers to the SJU by applying modern forecasting methods. During a workshop at the Lisbon Addictions Conference 2019, a back-casting foresight method was used to address challenges and achieve consensus in developing an SJU. Thirty-two professionals from 13 countries and 10 disciplines participated. Descriptive analysis of the workshop was carried out by the organizers and shared with the participants in order to suggest amendments. Several characteristics of the SJU were defined: (1) core values: easy-to use, universal, focused on THC, accurate, and accessible; (2) key challenges: sudden changes in patterns of use, heterogeneity of cannabis compounds as well as in administration routes, variations over time in THC concentrations, and of laws that regulate the legal status of recreational and medical cannabis use); and (3) facilitators: previous experience with standardized measurements, funding opportunities, multi-stakeholder support, high prevalence of cannabis users, and widespread changes in legislation. Participants also identified three initial steps for the implementation of a SJU by 2030: (1) Building a task-force to develop a consensus-based SJU; (2) Expanded available national-level data; (3) Linking SJU consumption to the concept of "risky use," based on evidence of harms.
大麻剂量的标准化是研究、政策制定、临床及减少危害干预措施以及消费者安全方面的优先事项。科学家们呼吁制定大麻剂量的标准单位，类似于用于酒精的那些单位。一个标准联合单位（SJU）将以类似于标准饮品（SD）的方式促进预防和干预模式。借鉴标准饮品的经验能让研究人员通过应用现代预测方法来应对标准联合单位面临的新障碍。在2019年里斯本成瘾会议的一个研讨会上，采用了回溯式前瞻方法来应对挑战并在制定标准联合单位方面达成共识。来自13个国家和10个学科的32名专业人员参与其中。组织者对研讨会进行了描述性分析，并与参与者分享以提出修改建议。确定了标准联合单位的几个特征：（1）核心价值：易于使用、通用、以四氢大麻酚为重点、准确且易于获取；（2）关键挑战：使用模式的突然变化、大麻化合物以及给药途径的异质性、四氢大麻酚浓度随时间的变化以及规范娱乐性和医用大麻使用法律地位的法律变化；（3）促进因素：标准化测量的先前经验、资金机会、多利益相关方支持、大麻使用者的高患病率以及立法的广泛变化。参与者还确定了到2030年实施标准联合单位的三个初步步骤：（1）组建一个特别工作组以制定基于共识的标准联合单位；（2）扩大国家层面的可用数据；（3）根据危害证据将标准联合单位的消费与“危险使用”概念联系起来。
