Di Girolamo Diego, Di Giacomo Francesco, Matteocci Fabio, Marrani Andrea Giacomo, Dini Danilo, Abate Antonio
Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering. University of Naples Federico II Pzz.le Vincenzo Tecchio 80 Naples 80125 Italy
Department of Chemistry, University of Rome La Sapienza Pzz.le Aldo Moro 5 Rome 00185 Italy.
Chem Sci. 2020 Jul 13;11(30):7746-7759. doi: 10.1039/d0sc02859b.
The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of NiO based perovskite solar cells has recently hit a record 22.1% with a hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite composition and a PCE above 15% in a fully inorganic configuration was achieved. Moreover, NiO processing is a mature technology, with different industrially attractive processes demonstrated in the last few years. These considerations, along with the excellent stabilities reported, clearly point towards NiO as the most efficient inorganic hole selective layer for lead halide perovskite photovoltaics, which is the topic of this review. NiO optoelectronics is discussed by analysing the different doping mechanisms, with a focus on the case of alkaline and transition metal cation dopants. Doping allows tuning the conductivity and the energy levels of NiO, improving the overall performance and adapting the material to a variety of perovskite compositions. Furthermore, we summarise the main investigations on the NiO/perovskite interface stability. In fact, the surface of NiO is commonly oxidised and reactive with perovskite, also under the effect of light, thermal and electrical stress. Interface engineering strategies should be considered aiming at long term stability and the highest efficiency. Finally, we present the main achievements in flexible, fully printed and lead-free perovskite photovoltaics which employ NiO as a layer and provide our perspective to accelerate the improvement of these technologies. Overall, we show that adequately doped and passivated NiO might be an ideal hole selective layer in every possible application of perovskite solar cells.
基于氧化镍的钙钛矿太阳能电池的功率转换效率（PCE）最近达到了创纪录的22.1%，采用了有机-无机混合钙钛矿组成，并且在全无机结构中实现了超过15%的功率转换效率。此外，氧化镍加工是一项成熟技术，在过去几年中展示了不同具有工业吸引力的工艺。这些因素，连同所报道的出色稳定性，明确表明氧化镍是用于卤化铅钙钛矿光伏的最有效的无机空穴选择性层，这也是本综述的主题。通过分析不同的掺杂机制来讨论氧化镍光电子学，重点关注碱金属和过渡金属阳离子掺杂剂的情况。掺杂可以调节氧化镍的电导率和能级，提高整体性能并使材料适应各种钙钛矿组成。此外，我们总结了关于氧化镍/钙钛矿界面稳定性的主要研究。事实上，氧化镍表面通常会被氧化并与钙钛矿发生反应，即使在光、热和电应力的作用下也是如此。应考虑界面工程策略以实现长期稳定性和最高效率。最后，我们展示了采用氧化镍作为一层的柔性、全印刷和无铅钙钛矿光伏的主要成果，并提供我们的观点以加速这些技术的改进。总体而言，我们表明，充分掺杂和钝化的氧化镍在钙钛矿太阳能电池的每一种可能应用中都可能是理想的空穴选择性层。
