Ou Xuejin, Ma Qizhi, Yin Wei, Ma Xuelei, He Zhiyao
Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Department of Thoracic Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 May 20;9:674467. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.674467. eCollection 2021.
In recent years, immunotherapy has showed fantastic promise in pioneering and accelerating the field of cancer therapy and embraces unprecedented breakthroughs in clinical practice. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) system, as a versatile gene-editing technology, lays a robust foundation to efficiently innovate cancer research and cancer therapy. Here, we summarize recent approaches based on CRISPR/Cas9 system for construction of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells and T cell receptor T (TCR-T) cells. Besides, we review the applications of CRISPR/Cas9 in inhibiting immune checkpoint signaling pathways and highlight the feasibility of CRISPR/Cas9 based engineering strategies to screen novel cancer immunotherapy targets. Conclusively, we discuss the perspectives, potential challenges and possible solutions in this vivid growing field.
近年来，免疫疗法在开拓和加速癌症治疗领域展现出了巨大的前景，并在临床实践中取得了前所未有的突破。成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列（CRISPR）相关蛋白9（CRISPR-Cas9）系统作为一种多功能基因编辑技术，为高效创新癌症研究和癌症治疗奠定了坚实基础。在此，我们总结了基于CRISPR/Cas9系统构建嵌合抗原受体T（CAR-T）细胞和T细胞受体T（TCR-T）细胞的最新方法。此外，我们回顾了CRISPR/Cas9在抑制免疫检查点信号通路方面的应用，并强调了基于CRISPR/Cas9的工程策略筛选新型癌症免疫治疗靶点的可行性。最后，我们讨论了这个蓬勃发展领域的前景、潜在挑战及可能的解决方案。
