South Texas Spinal Clinic, San Antonio, TX.
Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY.
Curr Sports Med Rep. 2021 Jun 1;20(6):306-311. doi: 10.1249/JSR.0000000000000852.
Running is a popular form of exercise that is easily accessible to various populations; endurance running, defined as distances beyond 5 km, continues to grow within the sport. Endurance running-related injuries are common in the lower extremities and are primarily overuse related. A multitude of risk factors for injury exist, including extrinsic factors, such as running distance and frequency, and intrinsic factors, such as biomechanics and nutrition status. Training and rehabilitation techniques vary with a general focus on strengthening and gradual increase in activity, but evidence is mixed, and it is difficult to generalize programs across different running populations. Management of specific running groups, including youth runners, is an area in which additional research is needed. New treatments, such as orthobiologics and wearable technology, have promising potential to optimize performance and recovery and minimize injury. However, they need to be further evaluated with high-quality studies.
跑步是一种流行的运动形式，适合各种人群；耐力跑，即超过 5 公里的距离，在运动中持续增长。与耐力跑相关的损伤在下肢很常见，主要与过度使用有关。存在许多受伤的风险因素，包括外在因素，如跑步距离和频率，以及内在因素，如生物力学和营养状况。训练和康复技术各不相同，一般侧重于增强和逐渐增加活动量，但证据不一，很难将不同跑步人群的方案推广开来。特定跑步群体的管理，包括青少年跑步者，是需要进一步研究的领域。新的治疗方法，如矫形生物制剂和可穿戴技术，具有优化性能和恢复以及最大限度减少损伤的潜力。然而，它们需要用高质量的研究进一步评估。
