Retchin S M, Cox J, Fox M, Irwin L
Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1988 Sep;36(9):813-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1988.tb04265.x.
Although driving is an important ability for maintaining independence in the later years, clinical factors that determine driving status are unknown. Aged male veterans (mean age, 70 years) were recruited from an outpatient clinic (N = 143), including 77 frequent drivers, 41 infrequent drivers, and 25 who drove rarely or not at all. There were 116 (84%) who completed a comprehensive performance-based assessment. There were no significant differences between the three groups in age, formal cognitive testing, or prevalence of stroke history. However, there were significant differences in grip strength, reaction time, static visual acuity, dynamic visual acuity, and peripheral vision. Using stepwise ordinal logistic regression, dynamic visual acuity, nondominant hand grip strength, and total horizontal peripheral visual field were significantly associated with driving frequency (P less than .05), and together explained approximately 45% of the variance. Subtle motor and visual deficits that can be detected by a performance-based assessment may play an important role in determining driving frequency in the elderly.
尽管驾驶是老年人维持独立性的一项重要能力，但决定驾驶状态的临床因素尚不清楚。从一家门诊诊所招募了老年男性退伍军人（平均年龄70岁）（N = 143），其中包括77名经常开车的人、41名不经常开车的人以及25名很少开车或根本不开车的人。有116人（84%）完成了基于表现的综合评估。三组在年龄、正式认知测试或中风病史患病率方面没有显著差异。然而，在握力、反应时间、静态视力、动态视力和周边视力方面存在显著差异。使用逐步有序逻辑回归分析，动态视力、非优势手握力和水平总周边视野与驾驶频率显著相关（P < 0.05），三者共同解释了约45%的方差。基于表现的评估能够检测出的细微运动和视觉缺陷，可能在决定老年人的驾驶频率方面发挥重要作用。
