Tosca Maria Angela, Pistorio Angela, Silvestri Michela, Marseglia Gian Luigi, Ciprandi Giorgio
Allergy Center, Department of Pediatrics, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Committe, Department of Direction, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
J Asthma. 2022 Aug;59(8):1531-1536. doi: 10.1080/02770903.2021.1941089. Epub 2021 Jun 18.
Because asthma is a disease that changes over time, the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology launched a nationwide study on asthma control (the ControL'Asma study). The intent was to test the hypothesis that children with asthma could present a different pattern compared to adolescents. In the study, we compared children with adolescents in a real-world setting by analyzing the asthma control grade and other asthma-related parameters.
This cross-sectional real-world study included 471 asthmatic children (<age 12) and adolescents (≥age 12), mostly male ( = 326; 69.2%), who were consecutively enrolled at 10 tertiary pediatric allergy clinics. Asthma control level was evaluated according to the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) guidelines, the Childhood Asthma Control Test (cACT) questionnaire for children, and the Asthma Control Test (ACT) questionnaire for adolescents, history, rhinitis comorbidity, allergy, clinical examination, lung function, and perception of asthma symptoms assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS).
There was no difference between the age groups in asthma control as determined by both GINA criteria and the cACT/ACT questionnaires. However, adolescents with asthma had significantly more frequent rhinitis comorbidity ( = 0.02; OR = 2.07) and allergy ( = 0.012; OR = 3.72) than children. Asthma severity, lung function, and symptom perception were not different between age groups.
The current study showed that asthma control is not associated with age in young people. Adolescents with asthma did experience rhinitis and allergy more frequently than children. These findings reflect the progressive nature of the allergic phenotype in young patients.
由于哮喘是一种随时间变化的疾病，意大利儿童过敏与免疫学会开展了一项关于哮喘控制的全国性研究（“控制哮喘”研究）。其目的是检验这样一个假设，即哮喘儿童与青少年相比可能呈现出不同的模式。在该研究中，我们通过分析哮喘控制等级和其他与哮喘相关的参数，在现实环境中对儿童和青少年进行了比较。
这项横断面现实世界研究纳入了471名哮喘儿童（年龄<12岁）和青少年（年龄≥12岁），其中大多数为男性（n = 326；69.2%），他们在10家三级儿童过敏诊所连续入组。根据全球哮喘防治创议（GINA）指南、儿童哮喘控制测试（cACT）问卷（针对儿童）和哮喘控制测试（ACT）问卷（针对青少年）、病史、鼻炎合并症、过敏情况、临床检查、肺功能以及通过视觉模拟量表（VAS）评估的哮喘症状感知来评估哮喘控制水平。
根据GINA标准以及cACT/ACT问卷确定，各年龄组在哮喘控制方面没有差异。然而，哮喘青少年的鼻炎合并症（p = 0.02；OR = 2.07）和过敏（p = 0.012；OR = 3.72）比儿童更为常见。各年龄组在哮喘严重程度、肺功能和症状感知方面没有差异。
当前研究表明，年轻人的哮喘控制与年龄无关。哮喘青少年比儿童更频繁地出现鼻炎和过敏。这些发现反映了年轻患者过敏表型的渐进性。
