Vargas Valentine Zimermann, Motta Caroline, Vancini Rodrigo Luiz, Barbosa de Lira Claudio Andre, Andrade Marilia Santos
Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP).
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES).
Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2021 Jun 1;16(3):827-834. doi: 10.26603/001c.22162.
Studies have grouped different overhead sports and evaluated together the isokinetic strength of shoulder internal (IR) and external (ER) rotator muscles. However, muscular adaptations could be a consequence of the specific sport, and some strength imbalance between these muscles may exist as a consequence of the muscular demand unique to the sport. Therefore, grouping different overhead sports together may not be adequate.
To compare strength balance ratios between different overhead sports (volleyball, handball, swimming, judo, baseball, softball, functional movements performed at high-intensity interval training, and tennis) with a control athletic group (no overhead group).
Cross-sectional study.
A total of 237 athletes were submitted to isokinetic shoulder strength tests. The isokinetic concentric and eccentric peak torque values of shoulder internal IR and external ER rotator muscles were measured. Conventional (CR) and functional strength ratios (FR) were calculated.
There were no significant differences between the sports for the CR in the male group. Female softball athletes (90.4±13.6%) had a significantly higher CR than judo (67.3±6.9%), volleyball (74.9±15.9%), and swimming athletes (70.3±8.7%). In the female group, judo athletes had lower FR values (0.76±0.19) than soccer athletes (1.31±0.35), volleyball athletes (1.24±0.27), functional movements performed at high intensity (1.10±0.1), and softball athletes (1.40±0.39). Female handball athletes also had a lower FR (0.99±0.25) than soccer athletes (1.31±0.35) and softball athletes (1.40±0.39). Male handball (0.90±0.23), tennis (0.86±0.30), and judo (0.68±0.22) athletes had lower FR values than soccer athletes (1.20±0.21) and volleyball athletes (1.25±0.28).
CR for males may be analyzed together, as there were no significant differences between them. However, for females, the CR for softball athletes should be analyzed individually. As there were several differences between the overhead sports according to the FRs, the authors suggest caution in grouping overhead athletes across multiple sports. These results could have important implications for the design of injury prevention and rehabilitation programs associated with the shoulder joint in overhead sports.
研究将不同的上肢运动进行了分类，并对肩部内旋（IR）和外旋（ER）旋转肌的等速肌力进行了综合评估。然而，肌肉适应性可能是特定运动的结果，并且由于某项运动独特的肌肉需求，这些肌肉之间可能存在一些力量失衡。因此，将不同的上肢运动归为一类可能并不合适。
比较不同上肢运动（排球、手球、游泳、柔道、棒球、垒球、高强度间歇训练中的功能性动作以及网球）与一个对照运动组（无上肢运动组）之间的力量平衡比率。
横断面研究。
共237名运动员接受了肩部等速肌力测试。测量了肩部内旋肌和外旋肌的等速向心和离心峰值扭矩值。计算了传统（CR）和功能性力量比率（FR）。
男性组中各运动项目的CR之间无显著差异。女性垒球运动员（90.4±13.6%）的CR显著高于柔道运动员（67.3±6.9%）、排球运动员（74.9±15.9%）和游泳运动员（70.3±8.7%）。在女性组中，柔道运动员的FR值（0.76±0.19）低于足球运动员（1.31±0.35）、排球运动员（1.24±0.27）、高强度功能性动作组（1.10±0.1）和垒球运动员（1.40±0.39）。女性手球运动员的FR值（0.99±0.25）也低于足球运动员（1.31±0.35）和垒球运动员（1.40±0.39）。男性手球运动员（0.90±0.23）、网球运动员（0.86±0.30）和柔道运动员（0.68±0.22）的FR值低于足球运动员（1.20±0.21）和排球运动员（1.25±0.28）。
男性的CR可以一起分析，因为它们之间没有显著差异。然而，对于女性，垒球运动员的CR应单独分析。由于根据FR值，上肢运动之间存在一些差异，作者建议在将多个运动项目的上肢运动员归为一类时要谨慎。这些结果可能对上肢运动中与肩关节相关的损伤预防和康复计划的设计具有重要意义。
3级。
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