Giordano Stefano
Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520 - IEMN - Institut d'Électronique de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie, LIA LICS/LEMAC, F-59000 Lille, France.
Phys Rev E. 2021 May;103(5-1):052116. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.103.052116.
We study the relation between stochastic thermodynamics and nonequilibrium thermodynamics by evaluating the entropy production and the relation between fluxes and forces in a harmonic system with N particles in contact with N different reservoirs. We suppose that the system is in a nonequilibrium stationary state in a first phase and we study the relaxation to equilibrium in a second phase. During this relaxation, we can identify the linear relation between fluxes and forces satisfying the Onsager reciprocity and we obtain a nonlinear expression for the entropy production. Only when forces and fluxes are small does the entropic production turn into a quadratic form in the forces, as predicted by the Onsager theory.
我们通过评估熵产生以及与(N)个不同热库接触的(N)粒子的谐振系统中的通量与力之间的关系，来研究随机热力学与非平衡热力学之间的关系。我们假设系统在第一阶段处于非平衡稳态，然后在第二阶段研究其向平衡态的弛豫。在这种弛豫过程中，我们可以确定满足昂萨格互易关系的通量与力之间的线性关系，并得到熵产生的非线性表达式。只有当力和通量都很小时，熵产生才会如昂萨格理论所预测的那样变成力的二次形式。
